Elements biogenic

Further capture of a-particles leads to the formation of oxygen and neon. 160 itself forms the basis for the synthesis of sulphur. The only biogenic element missing in Table 2.2 is phosphorus, which is an exception in that it is formed by a complex nuclear synthesis (Macia et al., 1997). In large stars, the reactions listed in the table take place in the following series, without stopping but over long periods of time. 

Oligotrophic water. This is a relatively pure water basin with a small amount of organic matter or bottom sediment and low biological productivity because of limited biogenic elements. 

Content of biogenic elements in dead organic matter, S 0.1... 

Pierazzo E, Chyba CF (2002) Cometary delivery of biogenic elements to Europa. Icarus 157 120-127... 

Jahnke, R.A., Nelson, J.R., Marinelli, R.L., and Eckman, J.E. (2000) Benthic flux of biogenic elements on the southeastern U.S. continental shelf influence of porewater advective transport and benthic microalgae. Cont. Shelf Res. 20, 109-127. 

M. G. Voronkov, E. A. Maletina and V. K. Roman, Heterosiloxanes Volume 1 Derivatives of Non-Biogenic Elements, Harwood Academic Publishers, Reading, UK, 1988. 

W. W. Dullet, D. A. Williams, Interstellar Chemistry, Academic Press, New York, 1984 M. Taube, Evolution of Matter and Energy on a Cosmic and Planetary Scale, Springer, Berlin, 1985 J. A. Wood, S. Chang (Eds.), The Cosmic History of the Biogenic Elements and Compounds, NASA Scientific and Technical Information Branch, Washington, DC, 1985 V. E. Viola, Formation of the Chemical Elements and the Evolution of Our Universe, J. Chem. Educ. 67, 723 (1990)... 

Balzer, W., 1984. Organic matter degradiation and biogenic element cycling in a nearshore sediment (Kiel Bight). Limnology and Oceanography, 29, 1231-1246. 

Vertical Versus Horizontal Fluxes of Biogenic Elements... 

First omit the observed cosmic abundance of the biogenic elements that are favorable to life. Then omit the environments (earth-like planets or Europa-like satellites) that favor evolution and adaptive radiation. The consequence of omitting both factors is that life most likely would not arise. 

We can end this discussion of the biogenic elements by considering the implications of this kind of cycle on the long-term stability of the con-... 

Some important biogenic elements, such as phosphorus,caIcium and magnesium, have their own characteristic sedimentation cycle. In this type of cycle, elements from biological systems are continuously lost due to erosion and excessive use in economic activities (e.g. phosphorus in the form of industrial fertilizers, detergents, etc.) and they axe finally stored in the sea. 

In the ecosystems, for example, in a forest without any activity of man, an almost closed circulation of biogenic elements exists. In fact, the production of organic matter depends on the quantity of nutrients originally present in water and parent rock (mineral), on moisture and climatic conditions balancing the equilibrium. However, maxi takes wood from forests, and together with it also a number of chemical elements present in it. 

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