Biodiesel calorimetry

Determination of the Heat of Combustion of Biodiesel Using Bomb Calorimetry 135... 

Stavinoha and Kline (2001) adapted ASTM method D 6186 (Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Oils by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry [P-DSC]) for analyzing the oxidative stability of SME treated with antioxidants. This report concluded that isothermal P-DSC analysis is suitable for screening the effectiveness of antioxidants for treating biodiesel. 

Dunn, R. O. 2006a. Oxidative Stability of Biodiesel by Dynamic Mode Pressurized-Differential Scanning Calorimetry (P-DSC). Trans. ASABE, 49,1633-1641. 

Dunn, R. O. 2006b. Oxidation Kinetics of Biodiesel by Non-Isothermal Pressurized-Differential Scanning Calorimetry. In Proc., 34th Annual NATAS Conference. Bowling Green KY North American Thermal Analysis Society. 

An overview of analytical methods used to study oxidation was edited by Kamal-Eldin and Pokorny (2005). Numerous methods, including wet-chemical methods, such as acid value and peroxide value, various oxidation tests, pressurized and conventional differential scanning calorimetry (P-DSC DSC see Dunn 2000, 2006), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and others, have been applied in oxidation studies of biodiesel. NMR can be used to assess the fatty acid profile of oxidized biodiesel (Knothe, 2006a). 

Dunn, R.O. Oxidative stability of biodiesel by dynamic mode pressurized-differential scanning calorimetry (p-dsc). Trans. ASABE 20XiE, 49, 1633—1641. 

Calorimetry (optional). Determine the heat of combustion (in kjoules/gram) of your biodiesel. Your instructor will provide instructions on how to use the bomb calorimeter and how to perform the calculations. 

Abstract Thermal analytical methods such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) have been successfully applied to neat petrodiesel and engine oils in the last 25 years. This chapter shows how DSC and P-DSC (pressurized DSC) techniques can be used to compare, characterize, and predict some properties of alternative non-petroleum fuels, such as cold flow behavior and oxidative stability. These two properties are extremely important with respect to the operability, transport, and long-term storage of biodiesel fuel. It is shown that the quantity of unsaturated fatty acids in the fuel composition has an important impact on both properties. In addition, it is shown that the impact of fuel additives on the oxidative stability or the cold flow behavior of biodiesel can be studied by means of DSC and P-DSC techniques. Thermomicroscopy can also be used to study the cold flow behavior of biodiesel, giving information on the size and the morphology of crystals formed at low temperature. 

Many publications present research that has been done on biodiesel from production to properties, such as oxidative stability, cold flow properties, and thermal decomposition, etc. [2, 11, 32, 39, 46]. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Modulated Temperature-DSC and Pressure-DSC are among the techniques used to characterize biodiesel. Some of these techniques will be discussed in the following chapter. 

Pinto, L.M., de Souza, A.L., et al., 2015. Comparative evaluation of the effect of antioxidants added into peanut Arachis hypogae L.) oil biodiesel by P-DSC and rancimat. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 120 (1), 277—282. 

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