Binder construction operation

Screen Preparations, 100 micron thick x-ray intensifying screens were prepared using standard doctor blade coating techniques. The final phosphor volume was 50% when the coatings were dried. In most instances, the phosphor suspensions were prepared using polyvinyl butyral binders with viscosities adjusted to 2000 centipoise for the doctor blade operation and care was taken to avoid convection cell formation (9). A cross section of the screen construction is shown in Figure I. The completed screens consist of polyester (Mylar) base about 10 mil. thick, a 50 micron thick (TI02 (rutile) reflector layer, a 100 micron thick phosphor layer, a 10 micron thick clear cellulose acetate butyrate top protective layer. 

In conjunction with the overlay construction, approximately 15 tons (13.6 tonnes) of the Sulphlex binder was used in a seal coat operation on Loop 1604 adjacent to the overlaid section ... 

A recent study concluded that the bending beam rheometer test on bituminous binders is a vital tool that can be used to control pavement performance at low temperatures (Romero et al. 2011). In the same report, a draft specification was presented along with examples to demonstrate how the BBR test procedure can be adopted to facilitate quality control/quality acceptance operations in asphalt construction. 

Ratine ra-to- na [F ratine] (ca. 1914) n. (1) A plain-weave, loosely constructed fabric having a rough, spongy texture, which is imparted by the use of nubby phed yarns. It is made from worsted, cotton, or other yarns. (2) A variant of spiral yarns in which the outer yarn is fed more freely to form loops that kink back on themselves and are held in place by a third binder yarn that is added in a second twisting operation. Complete textile glossary. Celanese Corporation, New York. 

Another type of product is a preform in which the fibres, whether in the form of a mat, fabric or some other construction, are initially formed to a, possibly, complex shape and stabilized with a binder. The preform is placed in a mould and a thermosetting resin injected, sometimes with vacuum assistance, to produce a component (section 11.3). The advantage of this approach is the ability to maintain the fibres in position during a complex moulding operation, increased product quality and improved productivity. 

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