Bile pigments Bilirubin

Hyjjerbilirubinaemia is an abnormality observed mainly in neonates in whom the liver is insufficiently developed to be able to detoxify the bile pigment bilirubin. This situation is known as neonatal jaundice and can sometimes become a serious disease causing neurotoxic symptoms. Bilirubin is produced by the degradation of heme [the Fe(II) complex of protoporphyrin IX] by heme oxygenase to give biliverdin, which is reduced by biliverdin reductase to... 

Hyperbilirubinemia Abnormally high concentrations of the bile pigment bilirubin in the bloodstream. Hyperbilirubinemia is defined as a total serum bilirubin level greater than 5 mg/dL. 

Swirl 2 g of crushed gallstones in a 25-mL Erlenmeyer flask with 15 mL of 2-butanone on a hot plate for a few minutes until the solid has disintegrated and the cholesterol has dissolved. Filter the solution while hot, taking precautions to warm the stemless funnel prior to the filtration. Its dirty-yellow appearance is from a brown residue of the bile pigment bilirubin, a metabolite of hemoglobin. 

The main cause of cholelithiasis (presence or formation of gallstones) is precipitation of cholesterol in bile. Elevated biliary concentrations of bile pigments (bilirubin... 

One such example is the use of ultraviolet (UV) light to treat infant jaundice. Infant jaundice is a condition in which the skin and the whites of the eyes appear yellow because of high levels of the bile pigment bilirubin in the blood. BUirubin is a breakdown product of the oxygen-carrying blood protein hemoglobin. If bilirubin accumulates in the body, it can cause brain damage and death. The immature liver of the baby cannot remove the bilirubin. 

Other natural products containing pyrrolones are holomycin (92), [166] the bile pigment bilirubin (93) [167] and pandamarine (94), isolated from the leaves of Pandanus amarillifolius Roxb [168]. 

Stercobillnogen. Formula, see stercobilin (saturated at C-10- and N-23). C33H4,N40, Mr 596.77. S. is formed in the intestines by bacterial degradation of the bile pigment bilirubin via urobilinogen and thus represents the actual final product of porphyrin degradation in warm-blooded organisms. It is excreted in urine and feces where it is easily oxidized to stercobilin. 

The presence of the bile pigment bilirubin in the urine. This pigment colors the urine dark. Bilirubinuria is often accompanied by jaundice. 

Hemolysis of red blood cells—Excessive amounts of bile pigments—bilirubin—may accumulate in the liver and the bile when the rate of breakdown of red blood cells (hemolysis) is considerably more rapid than normal. 

A symptom consisting of a yellow discoloration of both the bodily tissues and the body fluids with bile pigment (bilirubin) in which the skin and whites of the eyes are yellow. 

Urine containing bile pigment (bilirubin) has a characteristic golden-brown colour and shows a transient yellow froth on being shaken. 

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