Bilayer imaging

Figure Bl.19.28. Molecular-scale image (2 mu x 20 mu) of a barium arachidate bilayer. Image was produced by averaging six images, but without filtering data. (Taken from [135], figure 1.)...

Figure 8. Bilayer imaging of PCHMS using a PE-500 Microalign 1 1 projection printer (UV-2 mode). 0.16 pm PCHMS over 1.0 pm of a hardbaked AZ-type photoresist. 02-RIE image transfer, 0.75-pm images.

Figure 7. Bilayer imaging of a phosphazene containing teipolymer exposed to e-beam radiation of 20 pCcm at SO keV. Resist layer (300 nm) of teipolymer over bottom layer (750 nm) of a hard-baked AZ-type resist. O2 RIE image transfer.

Experimental investigations of the model system of dye molecules adsorbed onto surfaces of polystyrene spheres have finuly established the sensitivity and surface specificity of the SHG method even for particles of micrometre size [117]. The surface sensitivity of die SHG process has been exploited for probing molecular transport across the bilayer in liposomes [118], for measurement of electrostatic potentials at the surface of small particles [119] and for imaging... 

Fig. 35. Process flow for thin-film imaging lithography (a) bilayer process and (b) top surface imaging. The bilayer process shown here employs a positive-tone imaging layer. The TSI process illustrated refles on preferential silicon incorporation in the exposed regions of the imaging layer to give a...

Fig. 36. Representative bilayer resist systems. Both CA and non-CA approaches are illustrated (116—119). (a) Cross-linking E-beam resist, 193-nm thin-film imaging resist (b) acid-cataly2ed negative-tone cross-linking system (c) positive-tone CA resist designed for 193-nm appHcations and (d) positive-tone...

Figure 11.1. Scanning tunnelling microscope image of a periodic array of Fe islands nucleated on the regular dislocation network of a Cu bilayer deposited on a platinum (111) face (after Urune...

FIG. 8 Si02 AFM image of six bilayers in situ self-assembled layer-by-layer films of polypyrrole coated with Si02 and poly(styrene sulfonate). 

Scanning tunnel microscopy (STM) was chosen as a tool for realization of this task (Wilkins et al. 1989). CdS nanoparticles were formed in a bilayer of cadmium arachidate deposited onto the surface of freshly cleaved graphite (Erokhin et al. 1995a). The graphite was used as the first electrode. Initially, STM was used for locahzing the position of the particles. Eigure 28 shows the images of different areas of the sample. The particles are vis-... 

Figure 7. TEM images of (a) bilayer of 3.1 nm Fe34Pt

Trimethylaminodiphenylhexatriene chloride (TMADPH Fig. 7.45) is a fluorescent quaternary ammonium molecule that appears to permeate cell membranes [595]. TMADPH fluoresces only when it is in the bilayer, and not when it is dissolved in water. Therefore, its location in cells can be readily followed with an imaging fluorescence microscope. One second after TMADPH is added to the extracellular solution bathing HeLa cell types, the charged molecule fully equilibrates between the external buffer and the extracellular (outer) leaflet bilayer. Washing the cells for one minute removes >95% of the TMADPH from the outer leaflet. If the cells are equilibrated with TMADPH for 10 min at 37°C, followed by a one-minute wash that removed the TMADPH from the outer leaflet, the fluorescent molecule is... 

To date, we have exercised these materials in basically three types of multilayer lithographic applications (1) as short wavelength contrast enhancing layers, (2) as imagable 02-RIE resistant materials in bilayer processes and (3) as radiation sensitive materials for multilayer, e-beam processes. 

Regev, D., Backov, R. and Faure, C. (2004) Gold nanopartides spontaneously generated in onion-type multilamellar vesides bilayers. Particle coupling imaged by cryo-TEM. Chemistry of Materials, 16, 5280-5285. 

Fig. 7.5 TEM image of microcapsules prepared theinsetcorrespondsto800nm. PLL/PGAlayers by LbL assembly of three bilayers of a PLL/PGA were assembled from a 0.05 M MES, pH 5.5 shell on catalase-loaded BMS spheres, following buffer. The MS spheres were dissolved usingHF/ removal ofthe BMS particle template (A). CLSM NH4F at pH 5. (Adapted from [82] with per-images of (PLL/PGA)3 microcapsules loaded mission of Wiley-VCH). with FITC-labeled catalase (B). The scale bar in...

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