Batch reactors first order reversible reaction

A first-order reversible reaction B is carried out in a batch reaction vessel at a constant temperature. The initial concentration of A is AO — 4 kmol/m. The reaction is monitored for 10 min by sampling the reactor fluid every 1 min and measuring the concentration of A. The concentration of A measured at intervals of 1 min is reported below ... 

Determine a(t) for a first-order, reversible reaction, A B, in a batch reactor. 

The hydrolysis of methyl acetate (A) in dilute aqueous solution to form methanol (B) and acetic acid (C) is to take place in a batch reactor operating isothermally. The reaction is reversible, pseudo-first-order with respect to acetate in the forward direction (kf = 1.82 X 10-4 s-1), and first-order with respect to each product species in the reverse direction (kr = 4.49 X10-4 L mol-1 S l). The feed contains only A in water, at a concentration of 0.050 mol L-1. Determine the size of the reactor required, if the rate of product formation is to be 100 mol h-1 on a continuing basis, the down-time per batch is 30 min, and the optimal fractional conversion (i.e., that which maximizes production) is obtained in each cycle. 

A reversible reaction, At= B, takes place in a well-mixed tank reactor. This can be operated either batch-wise or continuously. It has a cooling jacket, which allows operation either isothermally or with a constant cooling water flowrate. Also without cooling it performs as an adiabatic reactor. In the simulation program the equilibrium constant can be set at a high value to give a first-order irreversible reaction. 

The optimal temperature policy in a batch reactor, for a first order irreversible reaction was formulated by Szepe and Levenspiel (1968). The optimal situation was found to be either operating at the maximum allowable temperature, or with a rising temperature policy, Chou el al. (1967) have discussed the problem of simple optimal control policies of isothermal tubular reactors with catalyst decay. They found that the optimal policy is to maintain a constant conversion assuming that the decay is dependent on temperature. Ogunye and Ray (1968) found that, for both reversible and irreversible reactions, the simple optimal policies for the maximization of a total yield of a reactor over a period of catalyst decay were not always optimal. The optimal policy can be mixed containing both constrained and unconstrained parts as well as being purely constrained. 

Determine the maximum batch reactor yield of B for a reversible, first-order reaction ... 

The reaction between ethyl alcohol and formic acid in acid solution to give ethyl formate and water, C2H5OH + HCOOH HCOOC2H5 + H20, is first-order with respect to formic acid in the forward direction and first-order with respect to ethyl formate in the reverse direction, when the alcohol and water are present in such large amounts that their concentrations do not change appreciably. At 25°C, the rate constants are kf = 1.85 xlO-3 min 1and kr = 1.76 xlO-3 min-1. If the initial concentration of formic acid is 0.07 mol L-1 (no formate present initially), calculate the time required for the reaction to reach 90% of the equilibrium concentration of formate in a batch reactor. 

A rate equation is required for this reaction taking place in dilute solution. It is expected that reaction will be pseudo first-order in the forward direction and second-order in reverse. The reaction is studied in a laboratory batch reactor starting with a solution of methyl acetate and with no products present. In one test, the initial concentration of methyl acetate was 0.05 kmol/m3 and the fraction hydrolysed at various times subsequently was ... 

With the system of Example 9.2 and starting with an R-free solution, kinetic experiments in a batch reactor give 58.1% conversion in 1 min at 65°C, 60% conversion in 10 min at 25°C. Assuming reversible first-order kinetics, find the rate expression for this reaction and prepare the conversion-temperature chart with reaction rate as parameter. 

Integrate the Performance Equation. For a reversible first-order reaction, the performance equation for a batch reactor is... 

Figure 5.2. First-order plot for reversible reaction in batch reactor.

Consider the batch-filling case with the reversible reaction A + B C in which the stoichiometry is as written and first-order kinetics with respect to B (the substance separately charged to the reactor) is assumed. With m = (l/3),k] =kj= 1 C, and vg = 5, determine the time-history of the concentration of B in the reactor. 

Program to calculate conversion in a sequence of reactors (both CSTR and PFR) Program to design polymerisation reactor used for chain polymerisation reaction Program to design batch reactor/CSTR/PFR for first-order exothermic reversible reaction following optimal temperature progression policy... 

An excess alcohol makes the forward reaction pseudo-first order whereas reverse reaction second order in the case of com oil (Meher et al., 2006). When com oil is transesterified in a pressiuized batch reactor in the presence of sodium methoxide and methanol, higher conversion can be obtained. Kinetic constants of the stepwise reactions are increased in the direction of the progressing steps of the transesterification (Velazquez 2007). 

Figure 3.2 shows the transient concentration in a batch reactor for a first-order and second-order reactions with the molecule A where the reaction constant k = 0.5 time and Cao = 3 moles/volume. As can be seen the first-order reaction concentration decreases slower initially as compared to second-order reaction as the concentration of reactant is higher. After time t = 4, the trend reverses as the concentration reduces beyond 0.5. 

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