Barley plants

Inhibition of tomato and barley plants growing in soils infested with Centaurea repens (knapweed) was reported by Fletcher and Renney (38). A toxic component was isolated in highest concentration from the foliage of knapweed. The inhibitor was considered to be an indole alkaloid or auxin precursor because of its ultraviolet absorption spectrum and the positive reactions obtained with Salkowski and Ehrlich reagents. The presence of the inhibitor was considered to explain partially the rapid establishment of Centaura spp. in almost pure stands. 

D. Gries, S. Briinn, D. E. Crowley, and D. R. Parker, Phytosiderophore release in relation to micronutrient metal dehciencies in barley. Plant Soil / 72 299 (1995). 

B. Seeling and A. Jungk. Utilization of organic phosphorus in calcium chloride extracts of soil by barley plants and hydrolyisis by acid and alkaline phosphatases. Plant Soil 178 119 (1996). 

J. Schniirer and T. Rosswall, Mineralization of nitrogen from N-labelled fungi, soil microbial biomass and roots,and its uptake by barley plants. Plant Soil 102 71 (1987). 

Table 1 Effect of Iron Stress on Chemical Composition of Root Exudates Collected from Barley Plants, as Determined by Combined NMR and GC-MS Analysis (Fan et al., 1997)...

Barley plants grown in chelator buffered hydroponic solutions with free activity of iron at given pFc values ranging from I6.5 (iron sufhcienl) to pFe 18 (.severe iron deficiency). 

Table 2 Changes in Plant Growth Parameter in Response to Iron Stress for Barley Plants Grown in Chelator Buffered Hydroponic Nutrient Solutions...

Pesticides may not only change the genetic structure of a plant population, but also cause damage, sterility, and malformed outgrowths (morphoses) of the autonomic and reproductive organs. For example, up to 70% of barley plants treated with pesticides were observed to have ear malformation. Using 2,4-D and foxim on barley increased the number of plants with morphoses by a factor of 18-24 [3]. 

Shenker M., Fan T.W.M., Crowley D.E. Phytosiderophores influence on cadmium mobilization and uptake by wheat and barley plants. J Environ Qual 2001 30 2091-2098. 

There are many reports of the beneficial effects on plant growth of applying organic wastes to land. Brechin and McDonald [5] demonstrated that pig slurry was as effective in increasing barley yield as conventional inorganic fertiliser. The major benefit appeared to be the increase in N concentration of the barley plant. 

Markowski, A., and S. Grzesiak. Influence of sulfur dioxide and ozone on vegetation of bean and barley plants under different soil moisture conditions. Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci. Ser. Sci. Biol. 22 875-887, 1975. 

Plant. After 8 d following absorption in barley plants, no metabolites were detected (Splittstoesser and Hopen, 1968). 

Table IV. Effect of Water Stress in Barley Plants on Proline and Glycine-Betaine Content and Susceptibility of Barley to SckizcLphli gtiamCnum...

Glass and Bohm (23) showed arbutln and hydroquinone to be readily and continuously absorbed by the roots of barley plants. 

Internalization of Salmonella but not L. monocytogenes when introduced onto the roots of 4-week-old barley plants 1% chloramine T Kutter et al. (2006)... 

Harinasut, M. Nomura, T. H. Takabe, and T. T. Takabe. Distribution of HV041 glycinebetaine in old and young leaf blades of salt-stressed barley plants. 

The ubiquitous plant compound chlorogenic acid (isolated from green coffee beans) is formed by transesterification with the glycoside cinnamoyl-glucose.187 Coumaroyl-CoA is converted into monomeric and dimeric amides with agmatine, which provides barley plants with resistance to mildew.188 Similar compounds with various polyamines and derived from p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, or sinapic acid appear to... 

Rogers, J.C. (1988). RNA complementary to a-amylase mRNA in barley. Plant Molecular Biology 11, 125-38. 

Cattivelli, L. Bartels, D. (1990). Molecular cloning and characterization of cold-regulated genes in barley. Plant Physiology 93, 1504-10. 

Walker-Simmons, M., Kudma, D.A. Warner, R.L. (1989). Reduced accumulation of ABA during water stress in a molybdenum cofactor mutant of barley. Plant Physiology 90, 728-33. 

Cesco, S., Nikolic, M., Romheld, V., Varanini, Z., and Pinton, R. (2002). Uptake of S9Fe- from soluble S9Fe-humate complexes by cucumber and barley plants. Plant Soil 241(1), 121-128. 

Recent data show that Fe-WEHS could be used by dicots via a reduction-based mechanism more efficiently than other Fe-chelates that may be present in the rhizosphere, such as Fe-phytosiderophores and Fe-citrate (Cesco et al., 2006). It has been shown that Fe-WEHS could also be used by barley plants (strategy II) via a mechanism possibly involving ligand exchange between phytosiderophores and WEHS (Cesco et al., 2002). 

Table 4.1.1 A. Barley (IFN 4-00-549). The entire seed of the barley plant. (From CFIA, 2007.) ...

Ahmad, I., Owera, S.A.P., Farrar, J.F., Whitbread, R. The distribution of five major nutrients in barley plants infected with brown rust. Physiol Plant Pathol 1982 21 335-346. 

Cabrera, D., Young, S.D. and Rowell, D.L. (1988) The toxicity of cadmium to barley plants as affected by complex formation with humic acid. Plant Soil, 105, 195-204. 

Jacobsen, J. V. Varner, J. E. Gibberellic acid-induced synthesis of protease by isolated aleurone layers of barley. Plant Physiol., 1967, 42, 1596-1600. 

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