Balancing equations for

Reservoir engineers describe the relationship between the volume of fluids produced, the compressibility of the fluids and the reservoir pressure using material balance techniques. This approach treats the reservoir system like a tank, filled with oil, water, gas, and reservoir rock in the appropriate volumes, but without regard to the distribution of the fluids (i.e. the detailed movement of fluids inside the system). Material balance uses the PVT properties of the fluids described in Section 5.2.6, and accounts for the variations of fluid properties with pressure. The technique is firstly useful in predicting how reservoir pressure will respond to production. Secondly, material balance can be used to reduce uncertainty in volumetries by measuring reservoir pressure and cumulative production during the producing phase of the field life. An example of the simplest material balance equation for an oil reservoir above the bubble point will be shown In the next section. 

NOTE Alternately, you may want to try using a Tin/HC system which will give an equivalent yield in a much shorter time with the disadvantage that Tin is a much more expensive metal. The balanced equation for the reduction follows ... 

Write a mass balance and charge balance equations for a 0.10 M solution of NaHC03. 

Write charge balance and mass balance equations for the following solutions... 

Water. Based on the overall balanced equation for this reaction, a minimum of one mole of water per mole of nitro compound is required for the reduction to take place. In practice, however, 4 to 5 moles of water per mole of nitro compound are used to ensure that enough water is present to convert all of the iron to the intermediate ferrous and ferric hydroxides. In some cases, much larger amounts of water are used to dissolve the amino compound and help separate it from the iron oxide sludge after the reaction is complete. 

The balanced equation for turbulent kinetic energy in a reacting turbulent flow contains the terms that represent production as a result of mean flow shear, which can be influenced by combustion, and the terms that represent mean flow dilations, which can remove turbulent energy as a result of combustion. Some of the discrepancies between turbulent flame propagation speeds might be explained in terms of the balance between these competing effects. 

Balance equations for angular momentum, or moment of momentum, may also be written. They are used less frequently than the lin-... 

The effect of a sidestream withdrawal point is illustrated by Fig. 13-29. The material-balance equation for the column section below the sidestream is... 

Evaluations of the measurements are based on the transient material balance equation for CSTR ... 

Using the conservation and balance equations for the active centers, but without the assumption of a rate-limiting step, the mathematically rigorous rate expression is the UCKRON-1 Test Problem given below. 

From the mass balance equation for a batch reactor... 

A balanced equation for every extensive property in each control volume may be written as ... 

Set up the material balance equations for the competitive adsorption of A and B on an adsorbentphase.Sincetherearetwophasesandtwocomponentstheremustbefourcompo-nentequations. 

The mass balance equation for the airflow through the gate can be described as... 

The calculation of the two-zone model is based on the balance equations for air mass flow, contaminant mass flow, water vapor mass flow, and heat flow of both zones. 

The balance equations for water vapor flows are similar to balance equations for contaminant flows, but in addition possible condensation and evaporation must be calculated. Also they must be considered in heat flow equations. 

Substituting this into the heat balance equation for sensible heat only gives 0),(kW) = X p2 X Cp X (e, - 6,)... 

The momentum balance equation for the solid particles in the direction... 

Write a balanced equation for the reduction of molecular oxygen by reduced cytochrome e as carried out by complex IV (cytochrome oxidase) of the electron transport pathway. 

Write a balanced equation for the synthesis of a glucose molecule from ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate and COg that involves the first three reactions of the Calvin cycle and subsequent conversion of the two glyceraldehyde-3-P molecules into glucose. 

Consider the balanced equation for glnconeogenesis in Section 23.1. Account for each of the components of this equation and the indicated stoichiometry. 

Chemical reactions are represented by chemical equations, which identify reactants and products. Formulas of reactants appear on the left side of the equation those of products are written on the right In a balanced chemical equation, there are the same number of atoms of a given element on both sides. The same situation holds for a chemical reaction that you carry out in the laboratory atoms are conserved. For that reason, any calculation involving a reaction must be based on the balanced equation for that reaction. 

To illustrate how a relatively simple equation can be written and balanced, consider a reaction used to launch astronauts into space (Figure 3.4). The reactants are two liquids, hydrazine and dinitrogen tetraoxide, whose molecular formulas are N2H4 and N204, respectively. The products of the reaction are gaseous nitrogen, N2, and water vapor. To write a balanced equation for this reaction, proceed as follows ... 

This is the final balanced equation for the reaction of hydrazine with dinitrogen tetraoxide. Three points concerning the balancing process are worth noting. 

Crystals of sodium hydroxide (lye) react with carbon dioxide from air to form a colorless liquid, water, and a white powder, sodium carbonate, which is commonly added to detergents as a softening agent. Write a balanced equation for this chemical reaction. 

Write balanced equations for the reaction of sulfur with the following metals to form solids that you can take to be ionic when the anion is S2. ... 

Write balanced equations for foe reaction of aluminum metal with foe following nonmetals ... 

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