Bacterial content

It had been found that if bacteria are stained with acridine orange and examined under fluorescent microscopy, viable, as dishnct from dead, cells fluoresce with an orange-led hue. This basic observation has been adapted to an ingenious method of determining bacterial content and may be completed within 1 hour. 

If the bacterial content of an inanimate suspension, i.e. a medicine such as milk of magnesia, is being examined both bacteria and magnesium hydroxide particles will be detected, although here again methods of distinguishing the two types of particle have been developed. 

When determining the bacterial content of, for example, foods, clinical material and even water, elaborate techniques are required to eliminate non-bacterial ATP. Also, the sample being tested has to undergo an extraction process to remove ATP from any bacteria present. The problem of non-microbial ATP is not likely to be met in the examination of pharmaceuticals and toilet goods, however. 

Fitzgerald42 found that the antibody response of rabbits toward 1.5% aqueous dextran solutions (both types) varied with the nitrogen (t. e., bacterial) content of the dextran. Injections were administered both interperitoneally and intravenously, and no antibody production resulted when the nitrogen content of the dextrans was below 0.2%. 

Cregan J, Dunlop EE, Hayward NJ The bacterial content of human small intestine in disease of the stomach. Br Med J 1953 5 1248— 1251. 

Anderson CM, Langford RF Bacterial content of small intestine of children in health, in coeliac disease, and in fibrocystic disease of pancreas. BrMedJ 1958 i 803-806. 

Svendsen, G.E. and Jollick, J.D. (1978) Bacterial contents of the anal and castor glands of beaver... 

Botanical Trash and Gram-Negative Bacterial Contents of Materials Utilized by the Cotton Industry... 

MOREY AND RYLANDER Gram-Negative Bacterial Contents... 

Effect of Washing on Bacterial Content of Trash and Lint Removed from Raw Cottont... 

Storage.—Experiment shows that such natural waters as are not very pure to begin with, are greatly improved for potable purposes by storage. Suspended impurities gradually subside, carrying with them a portion of the bacterial content of the- water, thus rendering the supernatant liquid considerably purer. 

The precipitate gradually settles, taking down with it organisms and other suspended impurities. Thus, for example, Leeds 1 found that ail addition of 0-5 gram of alum per gallon 2 of a certain sample of water reduced its bacterial content from 8000 to 80 per c.c., that is, by 99 per cent. The precipitate also acts as a decolonser 3 and has been applied in this capacity for clearing the water at Antwerp. 

Rainfall at the site sufficient to cause Terrieu Creek to flow resulted in marked temporal changes in TSS and bacterial content in both surface and ground water. Both wells P7 and P8 responded quickly to elevated TSS concentrations and bacteria in Terrieu Creek. Temporal changes in TSS and concentrations of free and sediment-associated bacteria continued over several days. 

Even if pathogenesis has still not been fully resolved, it is generally attributed to various regulatory defects in the immune system (so-called acquired immune defect syndrome in cirrhosis) (1.) reduction in the opsonic and bactericidal activity of the ascitic fluid, (2.) impaired function of the RES phagocytosis system, and (3.) leukocytic functional deficiency. A decrease in C3 concentration in the ascitic fluid (<20 mg/dl) reduced the bacterial content and, according to the literature, led to the occurrence of SBP in 47% of cases within a short space of time. 

Holm S, Malmberg R, and Svensson K, Method and plant for producing milk with a low bacterial content, ARa-Laval Food and Dairy Engineering AB, Sweden, Assignee Int., World Patent (WO) 86/01687, 1986. 

Olesen, N. and Jensen, F., Microflltration The influence of operation parameters on the process, Milchwissenschaft, 44, 476, 1989. Holm, S., Malmberg, R., and Svensson, K., Method and plant for producing milk with a lowered bacterial content, US Patent 4,876,100, 1989. 

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