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Bacteria reverse transcriptases

Decatromicins A (1218) and B (1219) are produced by an Actinomadura sp. and are active against Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (1229,1230). These compounds are closely related to pyrrolosporin A (1220) from Micromonospora sp. (1231,1232). The ascidian Polycitor africanus from Madagascar has afforded the new polycitone B (1221) (1233), which is related to the known polycitone A (1), a potent inhibitor of retroviral reverse transcriptases and cellular DNA polymerases (1234). The known polycitrin B was synthesized for the first time (1235). [Pg.183]

Flavonoids are used in treatment of many diseases, mainly because of their capability to inhibit many harmful strains of bacteria and enzymes (proteases, reverse transcriptase), to stimulate hormones and neurotransmitters, and to capture free radicals (Havsteen 2002). There are reports confirming that supplementation of diet with an antioxidant (a-tocopherol), by increasing the concentration of the antioxidant in blood, can reduce the titer of antibodies in hypercholesterolemia (Table 2.2.4). [Pg.57]

Pyrroloquinolinequinone (213) (2,7,9-tricarboxy-l/7-pyrrolo[2,3-/]quinoline-4,5-dione, PQQ) (trivial name methoxatin) has been identified as a co-factor in many enzymes, including those that oxidize MeOH to HCHO in methylotrophic and autotrophic bacteria. Quinoproteins appear in mammalian systems as well, and methoxatin itself (213) has even been identified as an inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (for PQQ reviews, see <91MI 722-02, 95MI 722-02)). Interest in under-... [Pg.917]

A major breakthrough that has facilitated the identification of active mutant DNA polymerases has been the use of E. coli recA718polA12, a bacteria that encodes a temperature-sensitive mutant DNA polymerase I. At elevated temperatures the mutant E. coli fails to form colonies unless complemented by a DNA polymerase that can effectively substitute for DNA polymerase I [34], The E. coli recA71S polA12 strain was first utilized in identification of active mutants of rat DNA Pol-/ and then in analyzing mutations in HIV reverse transcriptase [35], In both situations, complementation required very active mutant enzymes and it was only feasible to screen libraries that contained thousands of mutant genes. [Pg.291]

A novel antifungal protein, designated chrysancorin, was isolated from the seeds of Chrysanthemum coronarium var. spatiosum LH Bailey [259]. It inhibits the activity of human immunodeficiency virus-reverse transcriptase (HIV-RT). The protein also possesses antifungal activity towards Botrytis cinerea, Mycosphaerella arachidicola and Physalospora piricola, but not against Rhizoctonum solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Coprinus comatus and a variety of bacteria tested. [Pg.502]

According to present views, all of the known DNA polymerases are divided into seven families based on their sequence homology (especially, sequences of the catalytic domain) and the stmcture of catalytic domain. Six of them—A, B, C, D, X and Y—are DNA-dependent DNA polymerases, one is a DNA polymerase of a different nature, namely it is RNA-dependent (more commonly known as reverse transcriptases or RT family) [3]. The spectra of DNA polymerases families are individual for different organic kingdoms. For example, bacteria usually contain DNA polymerases of A, B, C, X and Y families, while archaea have members of families B, D, X and Y. Among eukaryotic DNA polymerases, we can find various members of A, B, X, Y families (and at least one RT-member—telomerase supplying synthesis of the terminal fragment of chromosome which caimot be synthesized in the matrix way). Viral DNA polymerases are presented by families A, B and X (as well as RT—reverse transcriptases of retrovirases) (see Table 4.1). [Pg.96]

Rifamycin Antibiotics - Derived from the fermentation of Streptomyces mediterranei, this family of ansa-macrollde drugs possesses a very broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negatire bacteria, mycobacteria, chlamydia, and several viruses. The activity of rifampin, the only clinical candidate of this group, has recently been reviewed by Lester.35 its efficacy is presumably due to the inhibition of bacterial derived DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the inhibition of viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase). [Pg.129]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.673 ]




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