Bacteria light-emitting

To identify the specific aldehyde that is actually involved in the light-emitting reaction of living luminous bacteria, Shimomura et al. (1974a) extracted and purified the aldehyde from 40 g each of the bacterial cells of P. phosphoreum, Achromobacter (Vibrio or Photobacterium) fischeri, and an aldehydeless mutant of A. fischeri. The aldehyde fractions were purified, and then oxidized with Tollens reagent (silver oxide dissolved in ammonia) to convert the CHO group into the COOH group. Then the acids obtained were analyzed by mass spectrometry. The results indicated that P. phosphoreum had contained a mixture of aldehydes dodecanal (5%), tetradecanal (63%) and hexadecanal (30%), as shown in Table 2.2. Thus, tetradecanal was clearly predominant in... 

The use of luminous bacteria. A naturally occurring light-emitting bacterium, Photobacteriumfischeri, was used as early as 1942 to assay antibiotics, the end-point being taken as the extinction of light as viewed visibly. 

The only illumination comes from the green and red lights emitted by the bioluminescent bacteria coating the trees. It reminds you of Christmas. 

In bacteria, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is the prosthetic group of the photolyases that catalyze reductive repair of light-induced pyrimidine dimers in DNA. Riboflavin is the light-emitting molecule in some bioluminescent fungi and bacteria, and is the precursor for synthesis of the dimethylbenzimidazole ring of vitamin B12 (Section 10.7.3). 

The spectrum of the light emitted by tungsten / halogen lamps is better than the one from fluorescent lamps, taking into account that phototrophic bacteria use infrared light, with absorption maxima at 800 and 850 nm corresponding to the absorption of bacteriochlorophylls. 

Appels J., Kiister E., van den Broeke J., Tangena B., de Zwart D. and Brandt A., 2007. Combination of an on-line biomonitor using light emitting bacteria and a UV spectrophotometer probe for Homeland Security and drinking water safety. In Proceedings of SPIE Conference... 

MONITORING OF COLONIZATION AND CLEARANCE OF LIGHT-EMITTING BACTERIA FROM TUMORS, CUTANEOUS WOUNDS, AND INFLAMMATORY SITES IN LIVE ANIMALS... 

Colonization and Clearance of Light-Emitting Bacteria in Live Animals... 

The Beckman Microtox system was employed to assess the relative toxicity of pesticides and their hydrolysis products to bacteria. This system utilizes Photobacterium phosphoreum, a marine bioluminescent bacterium phylogenetically related to several genera of bacteria important in soil. The Microtox system measures the light emitted from P. phosphoreum that have been exposed to a chemical dissolved in the diluent. The details of theory and operation of Microtox analyzer and experimental conditions used have been described (26-28). 

Such chromogenic enzymes can also be fused or chemically linked to an antibody and used to report the presence or location of the antigen. Alternatively, luciferase, an enzyme present in fireflies and some bacteria, can be linked to an antibody. In the presence of ATP and luciferin, luciferase catalyzes a light-emitting reaction. In either case, after the antibody binds to the protein of Interest, substrates of the linked enzyme are added and the appearance of color or... 

An optical toxicity biosensor device can utilize light-emitting bacteria immobilized directly onto a surface or incorporated in a polymer that is directly deposited onto glass or other surfaces. Toxicants added onto the immobilized bacteria cause an increase or a decrease in light output that is measured by a sensitive photo diode situated below the immobilized bacterial film. 

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