Bacille Calmette-Guerin-refractory urinary bladder carcinoma

Yalrubicin (Valstar) was approved in 1998 for intravesical therapy of bacille Calmette-Guerin-refractory urinary bladder carcinoma in situ in patients for whom immediate cystectomy would be associated with unacceptable morbidity or mortality. Epirubicin (4 -epidoxorubicin, Ellence) was approved by the FDA in 1999 as a component of adjuvant therapy following resection of early lymph-nodepositive breast cancer. 

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