ASTM Suggested Methods

ASTM D2651-01 lists the following mechanical and chemical methods for surface preparation of stainless steel. 

Etch for 10 min at 65—71 °C in the following solution by weight 90 parts water, 37 parts sulfuric acid (sp. gr. 1.84), and 0.2 parts sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate such as Nacconol 90G  

Rinse thoroughly and remove smut with a stiff brush if necessary 

Immerse for 10 min at room temperature in the bright dip solution of Table 6.20 

Immerse for 2 min at approximately 93 °C in the solution of Table 6.21 heated by a boiling water bath. 

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For the design data, the relevant properties that need to be evaluated along with the applicable ISO and ASTM standard methods are summarized in Tables 11.12 and 11.13, respectively. For some of the properties like pvT data, no-flow temperature, ejection temperature, and fatigue in tension, etc., no national or international standards exist today. Efforts are under way to develop industrywide standards for these properties. Suggested test conditions in Tables 11.12 and 11.13 are intended to serve as a guide in establishing specific test conditions for the purpose of developing comparable data. 

The results suggest a very good correlation between the methods and the laboratories. So the modified ASTM D2007M method together with the ASTM2549 method allow us to have two comparable techniques for separating samples with various polar content. 

The modulus of pure LCP fibers is basic data for studying mechanical properties of LCP blends. For future studies based on the studies described in this chapter, it would help if a technique to measure the LCP fiber size in the matrix, and to determine the distribution across the thickness of the mold cavity could be developed, in order to confirm the theoretical predictions of morphology of LCP blends. One suggested method for experimental measurement of the effect of LCP fiber aspect ratio on the mechanical properties of LCP blends is to constmct a mold with several inserts. Using these inserts one can prepare ASTM D638 standard specimens with several thickness ranging from 3 mm to 100 pm or less under identical processing conditions. One can then compare the measured modulus versus thickness, with predictions. 

Mechanical strength is a property of utmost importance for the industrial use of heterogeneous catalysts. Abrasion resistance and radial crash strength (for pellets) and attrition resistance (for powders) should be routinely measured for quality control of industrial catalysts before reactor loading or better before catalyst purchasing. Such measurements can be conveniently performed using the respective ASTM standard methods, whose possible improvements are suggested. 

See 2-3.1. Typical laboratory conductivity meters have insufficient sensitivity to measure semiconductive and nonconductive liquids, in Appendix B, some tabulated conductivities appear as < suggesting that the instmment used was inappropriate. Some liquids listed as conductive might fall instead into the semiconductive category (e.g., cymene). Eor conductivities less than 100 pS/m especially, highly sensitive picoammeters are required to measure the small currents involved and great care is needed to avoid contamination of both the sample and the test cell. Several ASTM methods are available according to the conductivity range involved [143-146]. 

Reference ASTM 114—00, Standard Test Method for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement. As suggested in this document, the sample should not be a slag cement sample. Your instructor may choose to dispense... 

A suggested procedure would be equal volumes of the sample and a 4% (by volume) benzene in pure ethanol. This is easily set up using a G.C.-Computer system Note Ethyl Acetate can also be detd by Standard Method ASTM Designation DI617—69, described here under Ethyl Acetate 4.3.10 Methyl-isobutyl-kefone (MIBK). The rest is iisted but not described in MIL-E-463B, but it seems that the Test 4.6.1.8 for determination of Acetone and other ketones, described... 

Another recent trend in molecular weight work that was discussed at the ACS Symposium but is not covered formally in the book is the work of the American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM is in the process of preparing and testing standard methods of measuring molecular weight. Those who are interested or have suggestions to make may write to ASTM, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19103. The committee numbers are D20.70.04 and. 05. 

Chemical analyses of biodiesel may be accomplished through standard methods as recommended by ASTM and other organizations, but these measures do not determine all aspects of biodiesel chemistry (20, 21). Knothe (21) extensively described methods of measuring frawi-esterification progress and assuring biodiesel quality, and suggested that no single test could assure quality. Online methods, such as NIR (near infrared spectroscopy), could be used to rapidly screen products to... 

Calorimetric methods are infrequently used for routine quality control purposes because of their non-specific nature and relatively slow speed. However, data from calorimetry experiments are commonly presented in applications for new product licenses and in support of patent applications. To ensure the integrity of all calorimetry data, normal procedures for good laboratory practices, standard operating procedures, appropriate calibration methods, and regular instrument servicing are necessary. The use of DSC for the measurement of transition temperatures and sample purity is described in the United States Pharmacopoeia, and standard procedures for DSC analyses are also suggested by the ASTM (100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428). 

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