ASTM D-158

Corresponding to ASTM D 86 (NF M 07-002), this method applies to gasolines, kerosenes, heating oils, and similar petroleum products. 

Transformation of ASTM D 86 results into an atmospheric TBP, equation [4.19],... 

The API has recommended the use of a method to convert the D 2887 results into those of an ASTM D 86, developed by Riazi using the following... 

Table 4.7a Coefficients for converting a D 2887 curve into an ASTM D 86 curve [Equation 4.23] (Riazi s method). Factor F for the example 0.7774. ...

The flash curve at atmospheric pressure can be estimated using the results of the ASTM D 86 distillation by a correlation proposed by the API. For the same volume fraction distilled one has the following relation ... 

Coefficients for converting an ASTM D 86 curve to an atmospheric flash curve[ and an application for a petroleum cut whose standard specific gravity isl 0.746. ... 

The normalized distillation curves, TBP, ASTM D 86, and ASTM D 1160, provide a way to judge the quality of a fractionation performed on petroleum cuts. 

The accuracy depends on the fraction distilled it deviates particularly when determining the initial and final boiling points the average error can exceed 10°C. When calculating the ASTM D 86 curve for gasoline, it is better to use the Edmister (1948) relations. The Riazi and Edmister methods lead to very close results when they are applied to ASTM D 86 calculations for products such as gas oils and kerosene. 

Table 4.16a Coeff exam dents for conver pie applied to a pt ting a TBP curve Hroleum cut (Riaz into an ASTM D 86 curve and an i s method). ...

Distillation NF M 07-002 ISO 3405 ASTM D 86 Rapid distillation. Temperature at every 10% distilled point... 

ASTM (atmospheric) ASTM D 86 Petroleum fractions or products, including gasolines, turbine fuels, naphthas, kerosines, gas oils, distillate fuel oils, and solvents that do not tend to decompose when vaporized at 760 mmHg... 

ASTM [vacuum, often 10 torr (1.3 kPa)] ASTM D 1160 Heavy petroleum fractions or products that tend to decompose in the ASTM D 86 test but can be partially or completely vaporized at a maximiim liquid temperature of 750°F (400°C) at pressures down to 1 torr (0.13 kPa)... 

TABLE 13-26 Typical ASTM D 86 Test Results for Automobile Gasoline Pressure, 760 torr (101.3 kPa)... 

From the produc t specifications, distillate yields are computed as follows From Fig. 13-86 and the ASTM D 86 50 percent temperatures, TBP 50 percent temperatures of the three intermediate cuts are obtained as 155, 236, and 316°C (311, 456, and 600°F) for the HN, LD, and HD respectively. The TBP cut points, corresponding volume fractions of crude oil, and flow rates of the four distillates are readily obtained by stai-ting from the specified 343°C (650°F) cut point as follows, where CP is tne cut point and T is the TBP temperature (°F) ... 

Table 5-5 illustrates steps used to convert ASTM D-86 data to TBP. The laboratory usually converts D-1160 and reports the data as D-86. Extrapolation of the TBP data indicates the following ... 

The following equation can be used to convert an ASTM D-86 50% temperature to a TBP 50% temperature. 

ASTM D86(50) = observed ASTM D-86 distillation temperature at 50 vol% distilled, °F... 

High-boiling-point compounds such as asphaltenes, branched hydrocarbons with molecular weights greater than 300, and alkylated naphthenes can increase fuel viscosity. If present in fuel, they can be detected indirectly through either ASTM D-86 distillation end point temperatures or by high ASTM D-445 viscosity determinations. 

ASTM D-86 Distillation 90% Point, °F Minimum Outside Temperature, °F... 

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