Asthma leukotrienes

Inhaled glucocorticoids are therefore the cornerstone of drug therapy for patients with asthma. Leukotriene inhibitors, beta agonists, and theophylline can be used to supplement glucocorticoids as needed, with the specific drug regimen determined on... 

Leukotriene (LK) Leukotriene is the primary bronchoconstrictor. This increases migration of eosinophil, increases mucous production and increases edema in the bronchi, resulting in bronchoconstriction. There are two types of leukotriene modifiers LT receptor antagonists and LT synthesis inhibitors. Both reduce inflammatory symptoms of asthma. Leukotriene modifiers include ... 

Asthma Leukotriene D antagonists Zafirlukast (ICI 204 2I9) Sulukast (LY170680)... 

Most of the drugs such as epinephrine and albuterol used to treat asthma attacks are bronchodilators—substances that expand the bronchial passages Newer drugs are designed to either inhibit the enzyme 5 lipoxygenase which acts on arachidomc acid m the first stage of leukotriene biosynthesis or to block leukotriene receptors... 

Leukotrienes are rapidly produced and released during a Type I reaction (Fig. 3). They are responsible for a massive bronchoconstriction in allergic bronchial asthma and attract leukocytes, thus being proinflamma-tory. Consequently, antagonists of the LTC recqDtor have been proven useful in the therapy of bronchial asthma, often in combination with bronchodilators (example montelukast). 

Allergy. Figure 3 Leukotriene LT receptor antagonists inhibit the response of target cells to leukotrienes and relieve symptoms of allergic asthma bronchiale. 

Aspirin sensitive asthma, affecting about 10% of all asthmatics, is a nonallergic response to aspirin and other agents that inhibit cyclooxygenase-1. Mechanistically, the most likely reasons are lack of bronchoprotective prostaglandin E2 and shunting of arachidonic acid into the leukotriene pathway. 

Leff AR (2001) Regulation of leukotrienes in the management of asthma biology and clinical therapy. Annu Rev Med 52 1-14... 

Fisher AR, Drazen JM (1997) Leukotrienes. In Barnes P, Grunstein MM, Leff AR, Wool cock A (eds) Asthma, vol 1. Lrppincott-Raven, Philadelphia, pp 547-558... 

Triggering of asthma attacks in asthmatics. This side effect is a pseudo-allergic reaction where COX-inhibition increases the availability of substrates for lipoxygenase, which are converted to broncho-constrictive leukotriens... 

Along with the bronchodilators, several types of dragp are effective in Hie treatment of asthma. These include corticosteroids, leukotriene formation inhibitors, leukotriene receptor agonists, and mast cell stabilizers. 

Findlay, S.R., Barden, J.M., Easley, C.B. and Glass, M. (1992). Effect of the oral leukotriene antagonist ICI 204,219 on the antgen-induced bronchoconstriction in subjects with asthma. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 89, 1040-1045. 

Finnerty, J.P., Wood-Baker, R., Thompson, H. and Holgate, S.T. (1992). Role of leukotrienes in exercise-induced asthma. Inhibitory effect of ICI 204,219, a potent leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist. Am. Rev. Resp. Dis. 145, 746-749. 

For example, (Ipc)2BCl was found to be an advantageous in the enantioselective reduction in the large-scale preparation of L-699,392, a specific leukotriene antagonist of interest in the treatment of asthma.147... 

Th2 lymphocytes are one of the primary factors initiating and perpetuating the inflammatory response.7 In addition, proinflammatory mediators such as the leukotrienes generated during mast cell degranulation can increase vascular permeability, leading to airway edema and increased mucus production.8 Eosinophilic infiltration of the airways is a hallmark of asthma, and activated eosinophils can cause bronchoconstriction and AHR.9... 

In persistent asthma, inhaled corticosteroids provide the most comprehensive control of the inflammatory process and are the cornerstone of therapy.2 Inhaled corticosteroids are more effective than cromolyn, leukotriene modifiers, nedocromil, and theophylline in reducing markers of inflammation and AHR, improving lung function, and preventing emergency department visits and hospitalizations due to asthma exacerbations.2,25 The primary... 

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