Asphaltite, Turkish

Recent sediments Crude oils Oil shales Turkish asphaltites Bituminous coals Lignites... 

Gas chromatography (G.C.) by packed and capillary column then enables individual normal (homologous series) and acyclic iso-prenoid alkanes to be identified from, in the present work, coal tars and Turkish lignite, wax and asphaltites (and also petroleum crudes). 

N.M.R. and M.S. Illustrations of their application are mainly taken from materials less fully covered in other parts of the Symposium, including commercial coal products, crude petroleum, and Turkish asphaltites (which have some affinities with North American tar sands), lignites and Montan wax. 

Gas-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (G.C.-M.S.) was carried out on Rexco and Kuwait branched/cyclic fractions with a Pye IOU chromatograph (WCOT glass-capillary column coated with OV-1) on a Varian MAT hh spectrometer (with SS kk computer) at 70 eV ionization voltage. For Turkish Montan wax and asphaltite, G.C.-M.S. were run with the eutectic packed column on an MS 50 spectrometer. Field-desorption (F.D.) M.S. for Kuwait and Rexco samples were recorded on a Varian CH5D spectrometer (calibrated with perfluorkerosene) linked to a Varian Spectro-system 100 data output. 

N.M.R. Spectroscopy. For comparing mixtiires of saturated hydrocarbons from different fuels and for monitoring the effectiveness of silica-gel column chromatography in the separation of normal alkanes from non-normals by 100 and, especially, 220 MHz H N.M.R., the emphasis is on the chemical-shift profile (j 0) and peak areas rather than on spin-spin coupling constants (Table III). Although the 100 MHz spectra indicate that the n-hexane-soluble part of Montan wax in CCli has rather similar hydrogen distributions to the chloroform-soluble part,about of Montan wax was soluble in n-hexane presumably the n-hexane-insoluble fraction contains all the alkanes, as well as polycyclic aromatics. The spectra of n-hexane- and chloroform-soluble fractions of Turkish asphaltite indicate hydrogen distributions of about 7.8 and 12.2 Hy, 21.2 and 22.0 H, U6.0 and U3.3 Hg, and 25 and 22.5/ Hy. 

Ti measurements at normal probe temperatiire were made by the inversion-recovery Fourier-transform (IRFT) technique on deuteriated chloroform solutions of pristane (2,6,10,1 i -tetra-methylpentadecane) and of branched-chain/cyclic alkanes from Rexco coal tar and a Turkish asphaltite (Avgamasya). Inversion-recovery traces were recorded by using 200 cycles of the l80°-90°-PD pulse sequence with a pulse delay time (PD) of about 20s at a series of intervals, T (e.g. 1,3,5s, Figure 3). Ti values ( 0.5s) (Table IV) were measiired by plotting In(AQ-A) vs. T, where A is the equilibrium amplitude in a normal FT spectrum and A is the amplitude in an IRFT spectrum (Figure k). 

G.C.-M.S. From the G.C. of the total-alkane fraction of another Turkish asphaltite (Harbulite) (5.), it was possible to recognise three series, namely n-alkanes, acyclic isoprenoids (C15, Cie, Ci8> C12, C2o)> and cyclic isoprenoids (C2 C29, C30, C31 and 032)9 all on the same chromatogram. For the Rexco coal tar,... 

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