Asperulosidic acid

Indole alkaloids, borrerine and a dimmer borreverine, dihydroborrecapine and borrecoxine,asperuloside/ diacetyl-asperulosideic acid, feretoside, campesterol, stigmasterol, (3-sitosterol ... 

A recent study on H. tenelliflora B.L or locally known as Xiazicao in Yunan, China had led to the isolation of two new iridoids, teneoside A (46) and teneoside B (47) along with deacetylasperuloside (49) and scandoside methyl ester (52) [36]. From the work on H. chrysotricha, Peng et al. reported a total of 10 iridoid glycosides including the new asperulosidic acid ethyl ester (40), 6 -acetyldeacetylasperuloside (41), 6 -acetylasperuloside (42) and hedyoside (43) [8,37]. 

Investigation on H. hedyotidea by the same group [38] found the new deacetylasperulosidic acid ethyl ester (44) and hedyotoside (45) besides asperulosidic acid (51), asperuloside (48) and deacetylasperuloside (49). Hedyotoside was reported to be the first iridoid glycoside with three conjugated double bonds. 

Morinda citrijoha Different diseases. Asperulosidic acid Cancer chcmopreventivc Active as inhibitor of TPA and EGF-induced AP I [74]... 

Saprosma scortechhinii Fever Asperuloside Asperulosidic acid Anti-Inflammatory-Cancer chemopreventive Hyaluronjdase and lipoxygenase in vitro inhibition Inactive against both. Inactive against both- [77]... 

DDXX(D,E) motif (biosynthesis of terpenoids), 2719 Deacetyl asperulosidic acid, 3057 10-Deacetylbaccatin ni, 2957 7-Deacetylforskolin, 3332 Deacetylvindoline-4-(7-acetyltransferase (DAT). 584... 

Iridoids, including geniposidic acid, geniposide, asperulosidic acid, deacetyl asperulosidic acid, and asperuloside... 

Oldenlandia diffusa L. Bai Hua Shi Shi Cao (aerial part) Asperuloside, palderoside, desacetylasperuloside, beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol, ursolic acid, oldenlandoside.33 Treats mahgnant tumors, hepatomas, hepatomegaly, cancer of the cervix, esophagus, stimulates reticuloendothelial system. 

N.A. Rubia tinctorum L. Anthraquinone derivatives, ruberythric acid, alzarin, purpurin, indoid, asperuloside, resin, calcium.99 Treat kidney and bladder stones. 

In our own study on H. diffusa using chemical-based assays such as the ferric thiocyanate (FTC), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), and diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging methods [31], we found that both quercetin 3-0-/ -glucopyranoside (21) and quercetin 3-O- -rutinoside (22) inhibited linoleic acid peroxidation and also exhibited good DPPH radical-scavenging properties (87-88%) which was comparable to vitamin C (93%). We also found asperuloside to be inactive in both assays. 

P. major has almost cosmopolitan distribution. Chemical studies on plant samples of P. major from various origins revealed the presence of iridoids. Its aerial part is found to contain aucubin (0.2-1.3), asperuloside (130), gardoside (131), geniposidic acid (132), majoroside (133), melittoside (134), and 10 -acetoxy majoroside (135) [190-194], The presence of catalpol has been confirmed [192] as well as denied [193]. 3, 4-dihydroxyaucubin (136) and 6 -0-P-glucosyl aucubin (137) have also been isolated from this species [195]. 

The plant contains iridoid glycosides asperuloside (120) monotropein and aucubin (19), phenolic acids caffeine, gallic acid, anthraquinone derivatives, flavonoids, coumarins, citric acid and red dye. It has been employed in the form of an infusion, as aperient, diuretic, refrigerant, alternative and antiscorbutic. Extract of leaves used as astringent, plant paste applied on skin disease [69,153]. 

It contains palustroside, rutin, asperuloside, chlorogenic acid, quercetins, 3- glucosyl quercetin, 3-rutinosyl quercetin, 3, 7, diglucosyl quercetin and 7-glucosyl luteolin. Two iridoids VI (172) and V3 (173) along with asperuloside and daphylloside (174) have been isolated from aerial parts of the plant. [293-298]. 

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