Aspergillus limonene

The bioconversion of geraniol and nerol was also performed with sporulated surface cultures of Aspergillus niger. Geraniol was converted to linalool, a-terpineol and limonene, and nerol was converted mainly to linalool and a-terpineol [57]. 

Fig. (18). Oxygenative rearrangements carried out by Aspergillus niger NCIM 612 on limonene (after [75])...

In a recent extensive overview on the biotransformation of terpenoids by Aspergillus spp., Noma and Asakawa [92] also mentioned a sixth pathway of limonene bioconversion the hydroxylation at the C-4 position to give / -mentha-1,8-dien-4-ol (111), Fig. (20), a compound also identified earlier as one of the bioconversion metabolites of limonene with Penicillium italicum [83]. In this review, the fifth pathway, leading to isopiperitenol (113) which is further oxidised to isopiperitenone (112) and its rearrangement product, piperitenone (114) is also discussed. 

Leucine Aminopeptidase, 19 Levulinic Acid, 80 /-Limonene, 80 Lipase, Animal, 18 Lipase (Aspergillus niger var.), 20 Lipase (Aspergillus oryzae var.), 20 Lipase (Candida rugosa formerly Candida cylindracea), 20... 

Aspergillus terreus Neurospora crassa Comminuted orange peel Limonene 20 mg/kg 26... 

FIGURE 19.53 Biotransformation of terpinolene (346) by Aspergillus niger (Asakawa et al., 1991), Corynespora cassiicola (Abraham et al., 1985), rabbit (Asakawa et al., 1983), and Spodoptera litura. (Modi ed from Miyazawa, M. et al.. Biotransformation of terpinene, limonene and a-phellandrene in common cutworm larvae, Spodoptera litura Fabricius, Proceedings of 39th TEAC, 1995a, pp. 362-363.)... 

FIGURE 14.30 Biotransformation of limonene (68) by Aspergillus niger NCIM 612. (Modified from Rama Devi, J. and RK. Bhattacharyya, 1978. J. Indian Chem. Soc., 55 1131-1137.)... 

The biotransformation of (+)-limonene (68) was carried out by using Aspergillus cellulosae M-77 (Noma et al., 1992b) (Figure 14.32). It is important to note that (+)-limonene (68a) was mainly... 

Noma, Y, S. Yamasaki, and Asakawa Y. 1992b. Biotransformation of limonene and related compounds by Aspergillus cellulosae. Phytochemistry, 31 2125-2121. 

Diastereoselective biohydrolysis of (4S,8/ S)-limonene oxide using whole cells of the strain Aspergillus niger LCP 521 as a biocatalyst, leading to the synthesis of a-bisabolols. 

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