Arterial replacement

The artificial heart, Jarvik-7, which has been successful in keeping a recipient alive for more than a year, has valves made from modified polypropylene and the two ventricles made of polyurethane supported on an aluminum base. For arterial replacements or bypass of clogged blood vessels, polyester fiber such as Du Font s Dacron remains the preferred material. 

Apart from the classic pattern in which the uterine artery arises from the medial aspect of llA, there are many other variants that have been identified (please see Chap. 10.3). It may also arise from its anterior or lateral aspect of the IIA [18]. The origin of the uterine artery from the main IIA itself or from the aorta has also been described [18]. A common trunk between the uterine artery and vesical artery is another important variant that might lead to inadvertent vesical ischemia in cases of non-tar-geted embolization [19]. The uterine artery may also duplicate as illustrated by Redlich et al. [20]. The ovarian artery represents the second main vessel for PPH [21, 22]. The ovarian artery that participates in uterine blood supply could represent the major feeding vessel to the uterus as demonstrated in UFE literature [23] (Fig. 9.2). Recently, Saraiya et al. illustrated uterine artery replacement by the round ligament artery during embolization for leio-... 

Saraiya PV, Chang TC, Pelage JP, Spies JB (2002) Uterine artery replacement by the round ligament artery an anatomic variant discovered during uterine artery embolization for leiomyomata. J Vase Interv Radiol 13 939-941... 

Mrowczynski, W., Mugnai, D., de Valence, S, Tille, J.C., Khabiri, E., Cikirikcioglu, M. et al. (2013) Porcine carotid artery replacement with biodegradable electrospun poly-e-caprolactone vascular prosthesis. J. Vase. Surg., 59 (1), 210-219. 

Warp-knitted polyester vascular prosthesis (Bionit II) with central portion externally supported for arterial replacement through the knee... 

Hufnagel CA. The use of rigid flexible prostheses for arterial replacement. 

Coronary artery disease remains the main killer. The mortality from coronary artery disease has decreased by 28% in the last 20 years. A first acute myocardial infarction had mortality of 28% in 1963 and today it is about 7%. The price of life has become more and more valuable. We are only on the threshold of understanding the pathogenic and biological principles of the generation of atheroma, but once established, obstructive lesions need coronary artery dilatation, coronary artery bypass or arterial replacement. The saphenous vein is an excellent bypass conduit but its life expectancy is 3 to 10 years only until it thromboses, or becomes atheromatous and is blocked or obliterated by cholesterol filled intima or clot. The internal mammary artery is ideal but flow is too small to sustain adequate flow to the entire heart. Here too, there is the need for new non-thrombogenic materials to reconstruct artificial arteries, substances which are durable, non-thrombotic and do not promote atherogenesis. There is also the need for simple, non-invasive techniques to measure coronary blood flow and the anatomy of the coronary arteries to plan subsequent surgical procedures. 

Fibers, and often hlms, are oriented polymers. Because of the widespread use of fibers in all areas of human life (e.g., textiles, carpets, ropes, twine, cordage, furniture, curtains in the healthcare area, with synthetic arterial replacement and sutures fibers for tire reinforcement, protective fabrics, e.g., in ballistic protection), their thermal analysis is very important. A detailed description of the thermal analysis of fibers is given by Jaffe et al. (1997). Fiber and film preparation is also briefly described in the Section 5.5 of this book. 

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