Thallium arsenic

Examination of the mouth provides evidence of exposure to some toxicants. Caustic acids and bases cause a moist condition of the mouth. Other toxicants that cause the mouth to be moister than normal include mercury, arsenic, thallium, carbamates, and organophosphates. A dry mouth is symptomatic of poisoning by tricyclic antidepressants, amphetamines, antihistamines, and glutethimide. 

Hair has been used in the biomonitoring of various elements, for example, arsenic, thallium, and zinc, and has been used in the monitoring of drugs and biological substances. The level of mercury in hair is widely used as a biological indicator for exposure to methyl mercury (MeHg). In addition, hair samples have been utilized to evaluate environmental exposure to pollutants such as lead, and occupational exposures to metals such as nickel and chromium. However, the ATSDR has stated ... 

Die Anreicherung der zu suchenden Elemente ist in den meisten Fallen wie vorher beschrieben notwendig (16, 24, 47). Fiir jedes Element muB eine entsprechende Hohlkathode vorhanden sein. Fiir das toxikologische Laboratorium ist die Bestimmung der Elemente Arsen, Thallium, Blei, Quecksilber und Zink mittels dieses Verfahrens zweckmaBig. Die dabei erzielbaren Empfindlichkeiten und die Analyscnlinien sind in der Tab. 3... 

Historically, almost every chemical or compound known to be toxic has been tried and used to inhibit the action of wood-destroying pests. Among the many chemicals used as wood preservatives are compounds based on creosote, mercury, arsenic, thallium, borate, cyanide, chromium, copper, zinc, nickel, fluorides, and pentachlorophenol. The majority fall into 3 classes ... 

The analysis of trace metals has been gaining importance over the past several decades due to growing concerns about their toxicity, and there is a great need to monitor them in a variety of matrices, including air, water, and soil, as well as in physiological tissues and fluids. The most hazardous heavy metals include lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, thallium and selenium. 

Titration Indicators. Concentrations of arsenic(III) as low as 2 x 10 M can be measured (272) by titration with iodine, using the chemiluminescent iodine oxidation of luminol to indicate the end point. Oxidation reactions have been titrated using siloxene the appearance of chemiluminescence indicates excess oxidant. Examples include titration of thallium (277) and lead (278) with dichromate and analysis of iron(II) by titration with cerium(IV) (279). 

Some elements found in body tissues have no apparent physiological role, but have not been shown to be toxic. Examples are mbidium, strontium, titanium, niobium, germanium, and lanthanum. Other elements are toxic when found in greater than trace amounts, and sometimes in trace amounts. These latter elements include arsenic, mercury, lead, cadmium, silver, zirconium, beryUium, and thallium. Numerous other elements are used in medicine in nonnutrient roles. These include lithium, bismuth, antimony, bromine, platinum, and gold (Eig. 1). The interactions of mineral nutrients with... 

The ylides have been classified on the basis of the heteroalom covalently bonded to the carbanion. Accordingly, they can be differentiated into nitrogen ylide (Scheme 2), sulfur ylide Scheme 3, phosphorus ylide Scheme 4, arsenic ylide Scheme 5, antimony ylide (Scheme 6), bismuth ylide (Scheme 7) and thallium ylide (Scheme 8). 

The reaction is a sensitive one, but is subject to a number of interferences. The solution must be free from large amounts of lead, thallium (I), copper, tin, arsenic, antimony, gold, silver, platinum, and palladium, and from elements in sufficient quantity to colour the solution, e.g. nickel. Metals giving insoluble iodides must be absent, or present in amounts not yielding a precipitate. Substances which liberate iodine from potassium iodide interfere, for example iron(III) the latter should be reduced with sulphurous acid and the excess of gas boiled off, or by a 30 per cent solution of hypophosphorous acid. Chloride ion reduces the intensity of the bismuth colour. Separation of bismuth from copper can be effected by extraction of the bismuth as dithizonate by treatment in ammoniacal potassium cyanide solution with a 0.1 per cent solution of dithizone in chloroform if lead is present, shaking of the chloroform solution of lead and bismuth dithizonates with a buffer solution of pH 3.4 results in the lead alone passing into the aqueous phase. The bismuth complex is soluble in a pentan-l-ol-ethyl acetate mixture, and this fact can be utilised for the determination in the presence of coloured ions, such as nickel, cobalt, chromium, and uranium. 

Studies of metal alkyls and aryls deal largely with arsenic, germanium and antimony, although some work has also been done on tellurium, mercury, thallium, bismuth and lead. The major contributions can be neatly divided into four periods early studies by Maddock, Sutin and H 1155).56).57) studies by the Polish >- >- and the Strasbourg >- 2).79) groups, work by Riedel and and most recently a series... 

The treatment options available for the 14 elements antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium, vanadium, and zinc are as follows15 ... 

Organic pollutants Pesticides Metals Antimony Arsenic Asbestos Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Copper Cyanide Lead Mercury Nickel Selenium Silver Thallium Zinc... 

Arsenic, Bismuth, Indium, Lead, Antimony, Selenium, Tin, Tellurium, and Thallium... 

It is now well established that organometallic compounds are formed in the environment from mercury, arsenic, selenium, tellurium and tin and hence were also deduced on the basis of analytical evidence for lead, germanium, antimony and thallium. Biological methylation of tin has been demonstrated by the use of experimental organisms. Methylgermanium and methyllead were widely found in the environment but it is debatable whether germanium and lead are directly methylated by biological activity in natural environment. 

In all 28 parameters were individually mapped alkalinity, aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, boron, bromide, cadmium, calcium, chloride, chromium, conductivity, copper, fluoride, hardness, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, nitrate, pH, potassium, selenium, sodium, sulphate, thallium, uranium, and zinc. These parameters constitute the standard inorganic analysis conducted at the DENV Analytical Services Laboratory. 

Antimony, arsenic, bismuth, cadmium, calcium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gold, indium, iridium, iron, lead, lithium, magnesium, manganese, mercury, nickel, palladium, platinum, potassium, rhodium, rubidium, ruthenium, selenium, silver, sodium, tellurium, thallium, zinc... 

The term heavy metal refers to any metallic chemical element that has a relatively high density (nsnally specific density of more than 5 g/mL) and is toxic or poisonous at low concentrations. Examples of heavy metals include arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and thallium (Tl). The sources, uses, and environmental effects of several exemplary specific metals are discussed briefly here. 

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