Arrow, Kenneth

Arrow, Kenneth J., Karlin, Samuel, and Scarf, Herbert, Studies in the Mathematical Theory of Inventory and Production, Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, 1958. 

Arrow, Kenneth J. 1963. Uncertainty and the Welfare Economics of Medical Care. American Economic Review 53(5) 941-973. 

Arrow, Kenneth, 1962a, Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention, in R. Nelson (ed.), The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Economic and Social Factors, Princeton Princeton University Press, 609-702. 

Arrow, Kenneth, 1962b, The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing, Review of Economic Studies 29, 155-173. 

Kenneth J. Arrow, "On Mathematical Models in the Social Sciences," 1951, cited and discussed in Max Black, Models and Metaphors. Studies in Language and Philosophy (Ithaca Cornell University Press, 1962) 223225. 

Rune Slagstad, eds.. Constitutionalism and Democracy (Cambridge University Press, 1988). The problem of defining the popular will is discussed in Kenneth Arrow, Social Choice and Individual Values (2d ed.. New York Wiley, 1963), and in William Riker, Liberalism Against Populism (San Francisco Freeman, 1982). The causes and consequences of corruption are surveyed in Arnold Heiden-heimer, Michael Johnston and Victor LeVine, eds.. Political Corruption (New Brunswick, N.J. Transaction Books, 1989). 

Figure 7-33 Stereoscopic ribbon diagram of the tubulin dimer with a-tubulin with bound GTP at the top and P-tubulin with bound GDP at the bottom. The p-tubulin subunit also contains a bound molecule of taxotere (see Box 7-D) which is labeled TAX. This model is based upon electron crystallography of zinc-induced tubulin sheets at 0.37-nm resolution and is thought to approximate closely the packing of the tubulin monomers in microtubules.315 The arrow at the left points toward the plus end of the microtubule. Courtesy of Kenneth H. Downing.

Throughout this book I have touched on the statist-socialist bias that underlies much of the discussion about health-care policy and public health, exemplified by Nobel Laureate Kenneth J. Arrow s dictum It is the general social consensus, clearly, that the laissez-faire s,o ni oti for medicine is intolerable. ... 

As a social scientist, Condorcet s contributions to social mathematics had to wait until the mid-twentieth century for revival, when social choice theory, beginning with the work of Kenneth Arrow, Duncan Black and others, systematised the rather haphazard approach of Condorcet, Jean-Charles de Borda and others to explaining the difficulties of group decisions and the inconsistencies to which they may lead because of majority-rule cycles, and the conditions under which they can be avoided. His jury theorem has, as McLean and Hewitt write, been rousing after a very long sleep and indeed... 

Borda counting (37) has a colorful history. Developed in response to dissatisfaction with the often paradoxical outcome of plural votes used to elect members to the French Academy of Sciences, it was eventually adopted by the Academic as a superior system, until that decision was reversed by Napolean in the early 19th century. Incidentally, Kenneth Arrow received the 1972 Nobel Prize in Economics in part for his theorem, a corollary of which is that the only voting system without paradoxes is a dictatorship (38). 

Our world is speculative. Our knowledge of the way things work, in society or in nature, comes trailing clouds of vagueness. Vast ills have followed a beUef in certainly . (Kenneth Arrow as cited in (Bernstein, 1996)) ... 

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