Aromatic Amines and Other Reduction Products of Nitro Compounds

AROMATIC AMINES AND OTHER REDUCTION PRODUCTS OF NITRO COMPOUNDS 

The reduction is usually effected in the laboratory by means of tin and hydrochloric acid. Stannous chloride and hydrochloric acid, zinc or iron and acetic acid, and an alcoholic solution of ammonium sulphide are also used. Ammonium sulphide is of 

Certain amines are most conveniently prepared by heating hydroxyl compounds at 300° with the compound of zinc chloride and ammonia. The naphthylamines, C10H7NH2, are prepared in this way industrially from the naphthols, C10H7OH — 

Primary Amines.—The primary aromatic monamines are liquids or solids which crystallize well. They are colorless when pure, but slowly turn brown when exposed to the air. They possess a characteristic odor, and are very difficultly soluble in water. 

The primary amines unite with alkyl halides to form salts of secondary and tertiary amines and of the quarternary ammonium bases, the reactions being analogous to those already described in connection with the aliphatic amines. Like the latter they are converted into isocyanides when warmed with potassium hydroxide and an alcoholic solution of chloroform. 

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