Armed antibody

Huang F, Khvorova A, Marshall W, Sorkin A. Analysis of clathrin-mediated endocytosis of epidermal growth factor receptor by RNA interference. J. Biol. Chem. 2004 279 16657-16661. Hinrichsen L, Harborth J, Andrees L, Weber K, Ungewickell EJ. Effect of clathrin heavy chain- and alpha-adaptin-specific small inhibitory RNAs on endocytic accessory proteins and receptor trafficking in HeLa cells. J. Biol. Chem. 2003 278 45160-45170. Wu AM, Senter PD. Arming antibodies prospects and challenges for immunoconjugates. Nat. Biotechnol. 2005 23 1137-1146. 

Wu AM, Senter PD (2005) Arming antibodies prospects and challenges for immunoconjugates. Nat Biotechnol 23 1137-1146... 

Figure 1 Ribosome display cycle for antibody selection (ARM display). ARM = antibody ribosome-mRNA complex.

Antibodies are large Y-shaped molecules having a molecular mass of 000 ia which the domains forming the tips of the arm biad to the... 

IgG antibody molecules are composed of two light chains and two heavy chains joined together by disulfide bonds. Each light chain has one variable domain and one constant domain, while each heavy chain has one variable and three constant domains. All of the domains have a similar three-dimensional structure known as the immunoglobulin fold. The Fc stem of the molecule is formed by constant domains from each of the heavy chains, while two Fab arms are formed by constant and variable domains from both heavy and light chains. The hinge region between the stem and the arms is flexible and allows the arms to move relative to each other and to the stem. 

The adaptive or specific arm of the immune system consists of T- and B-lymphocytes and antibodies. T- and... 

Geha R, Quinti I, Austen K, Cicardi M, Sheffer A, Rosen F Acquired Cl-inhibitor deficiency associated with anti-idiotypic antibody to monoclonal immunoglobuhns. N Engl J Med 1985 312 534-540. Donaldson V, Hess E, McAdams A Lupus-erythe-matosus-like disease in three umelated women with hereditary angioneurotic edema. Arm Intern Med 1977 86 312-313. 

Figure 8 Structure of immunogen haptens for pyrethroids with spacer arm attachment at the a-position of the alcohol moiety. Since the whole pyrethroid molecule is available for recognition by the antibody, assays resulting from these immunogens were selective for the parent pyrethroids...

The antibody molecule is based on a four-chain structure organized into three functional units (Fig. 7.2) (Padlan, 1993). Two of the units are identical and mediate binding to the antigen these regions are called the Fab (fragment antigen binding) arms of the antibody. The other unit, Fc... 

A peptide linker-chelate analog, glycyl-tyrosyl-lysine-N-e-DTPA (GYK-DTPA), was incorporated onto B72.3 antibody and labeled with 11 In and 90y.81,82 In vitro and in vivo evaluations in dogs were conducted. Results indicated that the 11 in chelate was stable in vivo however, the 90Y version showed a biphasic decay pattern. The covalent bond between the peptide and DTPA precluded use of one of the coordinating arms that is necessary to coordinate 90Y in a stable fashion. 

Figure 2 shows the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph - immunoglobulin G (IgG). IgG of molecular mass about 156 000, is most frequently used as a receptor in immunosensors. According to X-ray data6 8, IgG is a Y-shaped molecule consisting of two identical antigen binding Fab arms of dimensions 6.5 nm by 3.5 nm and an inactive Fc shank of dimensions 5 nm by 3.5 nm. 

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