Application to minerals

Green, G.R., Ohmoto, H., Date, J. and Takahashi, T. (1983) Whole-rock oxygen isotope distribution in the Fukazawa-Kosaka area, Hokuroku district, Japan, and its potential application to mineral exploration. Econ. Geol. Mon., 5, 395—411. 

Beaudoin G., Dupuis C., Gosselin P., Jebrak M., 2007. Mineral chemistry of iron oxides application to mineral exploration In Andrew, C.J. (ed) Ninth Biennial SGA Meeting. Society for geology Applied to Mineral Deposits, Dublin, 497-500. 

This method of evaluating ligand field parameters for transition metal ions in tetragonally distorted octahedra is particularly applicable to minerals containing Mn3+ and Cr2+, as well as Fe2+ ions in some very distorted octahedra, because their crystal field spectra enable 8j, 82 and 83 (eq. 3.16)) to be determined experimentally. Examples are discussed in chapter 5 particularly when crystal field spectra of Mn3+-bearing minerals are described ( 5.10.5). 

Mineral oils are usually considered to have a high propensity for carbon formation and deposition under thermal conditions. Nevertheless, the tests that are applied to determine the carbon-forming propensity of fuel oil (and other petroleum products) are also available for application to mineral oils. The test methods for the carbon residue should not be confused with the test method for carbonizable substances (ASTM D-565). The former test methods are thermal in nature, whereas the latter test method involves the use of sulfuric acid in a search for specific chemical entities within the oil. 

The back-reflection XSW technique has been used mostly on metal and oxide crystals, whose rocking curves often have angular mosaicity up to -0.1°. In application to mineral surfaces, the technique has also been used by Kendelewicz et al. (1998b) to study the exchange between Na and Pb in a Na overlayer on the PbS(100) surface. A review of the BRXSW technique was given by Woodruff (1998). Since the BRXSW method is employed at soft X-ray energies (typically from Er= 1 keV to 4 keV), it is not useful for in situ studies of the mineral-fluid interface. However, the BRXSW is a very useful probe for UHV surface science measurements of adsorbed molecules on metal single crystal surfaces (Jones et al. 2002) and for site-specific valence-band photoemission studies developed by Woicik and coworkers (Woicik et al. 2001 Kim et al. 2002). 

SEM Automated Image Analysis. SEM-AIA has been used in our laboratory for a broad range of applications, from characterization of air-pollution san les to measurement of inclusions in steel. In this paper, only its application to minerals in coal will be described, as more general descriptions of the range and potential of SEM-AIA have been given elsewhere (10,11). 

Della Ventura, G., Bellatreccia, F., Cesare, B., Harley, S. Piccinini, M. (2009). FTIR microspectroscopy and SIMS study of water-poor cordieiite from El Hoyazo, Spain application to mineral and melt devolatilization. Lithos, Vol 113, pp. 498-506 Dimanov, A., Dresen, G., Xiao, X., Wirth, R. (1999). Grain boimdary diffusion creep of synthetic anorthite aggregates the effect of water. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 104, pp. 10483-10497... 

The AOAC publishes reference methods for the analysis of minerals in foods. Table 7 summarizes some of the AOAC official methods of analysis applicable to minerals. 

Given the compositions of the two coexisting phases, the above two equations can be solved for and Wq. To do this you could use one of many generalized equation solvers, or use rearranged versions of (14.23) and (14.24), which give and directly in terms of composition (see Thompson, 1967, p. 355 and Eugster et al., 1972, p. 164, for examples). For additional details and examples of applications to mineral systems, see Thompson and Waldbaum (1968, 1969), and Waldbaum and Thompson (1968, 1969). 

This chapter has, we hope, illustrated the scope of lattice dynamics and molecular dynamics to model the structure, thermodynamics and diffusion in oxides and minerals. Although the techniques are well-established there are many applications to minerals that still need to be addressed. One area that we have touched on is the study of the mineral-... 

A combination of the Coulter-counter and fluorescence techniques has been investigated and developed in application to mineral slurries by the current authors and is now seen to offer a potential solution. 

Electron spectroscopy in its several modes has proved to be particularly powerful for determining the nature of species present on solid surfaces. These methods have been applied extensively to the characterization of SAMs, and they are finding an increasing application to mineral processing systems. Of the various available techniques. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is particularly appropriate for the study of mineral surfaces because a knowledge of the chemical environment of atoms, in addition to elemental composition, is usually required. Such information is important in identifying surface thiol species on sulfide minerals be-... 

The most active speculation, however, was most directly applicable to miners experience in a coal processing plant. They could visualize the belt in their own plant, and the answers clearly derived from their own experience. Here, miners described problems in the plant when workers attempted to shut down the belt for maintenance, the location of the guards, lock-out tagout procedures (isolating or shutting down the electrical supply), the location of platforms in the mine, and problems that occurred because of the lack of staff. They described how 10 years ago, you d see lots of men in the plant, and... 

In treating electrophoretic mobiUty, there are a few assumptions made which are generally applicable to mineral particle suspensions. These are that the particles are rigid, non-conducting, their movement through the polar liquid is non-turbulent, there is either no electroosmotic back-flow along the walls of the vessel in which the measurement is made or the back-flow is accounted for, and the Brownian motion of the particles is imimportant. 

McAndrew, J., 1957. Calibration of Frantz isodynamic magnetic separator and its application to mineral separation. Australasian Inst. Mining and Met. Proc. No. 181, 59. 

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