Vascular endothelial cells apoptosis

Hogg N, Browning J, Howard T, Winterford C, Fitzpatrick D, Gobe G. Apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells caused by serum deprivation, oxidative stress and transforming growth factor-beta. Endothelium 1999 7 35-39. 

Abu-Ghazaleh, R., Kabir, J., Jia, H., Lobo, M., and Zachary, I. 2001. Src mediates stimulation by vascular endothelial growth factor of the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase at tyrosine 861, and migration and anti-apoptosis in endothelial cells. Biochem. J. 360 255-264. 

Blanc, E.M., Toborek, M., Mark, R.J., Hennig, B., and Mattson, M.P., Amyloid beta-peptide induces cell monolayer albumin permeability, impairs glncose transport, and induces apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells, J. Neurochem., 68(5), 1870, 1997. 

Modification of human serum albumin by o-glucose impaired its antiapoptotic activity for endothelial cells a 50% loss of activity corresponded to about four fiuctosamine residues per protein molecule. In another study, D-fiuctose-albumin enhanced nitric oxide synthase activity and a consequent NO-dependent apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells. " This effect was also attributed to a possible mechanism of hyperglycemia-induced vasculopathy in diabetic patients. In proximal tubular epithelial cells, however, the effect of co-incubated D-fiuctose-albumin was the... 

Apoptosis/Angiogenesis. Induction of mitochondrial- and caspase-dependent apoptosis in mast cells and antiangiogenic activity (magnosalin) in rat vascular endothelial cells. ... 

ET-1 also stimulates anti-apoptotic signal cascades in fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscles and endothelial cells (via phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and Akt/pro-tein kinase B). In prostate and ovarian cancer, upregulation of endothelin synthesis and ETA receptors has been associated with a progression of the disease. The inhibiton of ETA receptors results in a reduced tumour growth. In malignant melanoma, ETB receptors are associated with tumour progression. Endothelins can also stimulate apoptosis in stretch-activated vessels via the ETB receptor, which contrasts the above-mentioned effects. The molecular basis for these differential anti- and pro-apoptotic reactions mediated by endothelins remains elusive. 

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