Antimony trihalides reactions

Although there seems little doubt that antimony trihalides play a chemical role in inhibition of free radical chain reactions in the flame zone, a comparison... 

It is now conventional to use antimony oxides, or other Sb- compounds, as synergists with halogen-contaning flame retardants. The synergistic effect of the antimony compounds is correctly attributed to the formation of volatile antimony trihalides SbXj which affect the flame reactions The more SbOj is releas into the... 

By using the Fittig reaction, antimony trihalides and aryl halides reacting in ether or benzene solution m the presence of sodium in the following manner ... 

I.r. and Raman studies have shown the formation of complexes between tributyl phosphate and both arsenic and antimony tribromides. Cryoscopy in fused arsenic tribromide is reported for a num r of inorganic and organic solutes, showing dTj X values lower than the ideal value, and with dioxan the compound 2AsBr3,3dioxan, melting at 64 °C, is formed. Arsenic and antimony trihalides give a-bonded transition-metal derivatives, such as X2E[Fe(CO)2(Cp)]J, where E = As or Sb and X = Cl or Br, on reaction with metal carbonyl anions or metal carbonyls with metal-metal bonds. ... 

The advantage of this approaeh is the possibility to reaeh a desirable flame retardant effeet with a lower amount of halogenated compound. Moreover, the addition of metal oxides, sueh as AO, to halogenated fire retardants increases their effieieney through the formation of antimony trihalide, a volatile product that slows reactions in the flame, even tiiough the oxide itself has no effect. In... 

A complete set of trihalides for arsenic, antimony and bismuth can be prepared by the direct combination of the elements although other methods of preparation can sometimes be used. The vigour of the direct combination reaction for a given metal decreases from fluorine to iodine (except in the case of bismuth which does not react readily with fluorine) and for a given halogen, from arsenic to bismuth. 

When the phosphorus halide is PI3, this reaction is a convenient way to produce HI. Arsenic trihalides hydrolyze in an analogous way but the trihalides of antimony and bismuth react to produce oxyhalides. 

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