Antigens heterophile

Houba and Allison (H9) have shown that immediately after treatment three East Africans with T. rhodesiense infection had markedly elevated heterophile antibodies in their sera and suggested that this may be due to increased antigenicity of the killed parasites. The heterophile antibody was associated with elevated IgM. 

Pneumococcus Group or C) Polysaccharide.—This substance, fajo -h 61° (water), is the polysaccharide constituent of the somatic part of the cell, and is common to all the pneumococcus types. It shows group specificity and is generally similar to the Type IV capsular polysaccharide. Its constituent units are probably N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, a hexose and phosphoric acid. It may be termed the carbohydrate residue of the heterophile antigen (described below) of pneumococcus which was separated by Goebel and his coworkers. 

The heterophilic antigen of pneumococci, designated the F-carbohy-drate, is closely related, both chemically and immunologically, to the somatic substance or C-substance. It is thought to be a lipocarbohydrate in... 

The principal glycoproteins of equine and porcine erythrocyte membranes have been examined. The principal equine glycoprotein (mol. wt. 3.3 x 10 ), which contains 53.8% carbohydrate, is associated with the activity of the infectious mononucleosis heterophile antigen. Two principal groups of porcine glycoproteins were isolated one (mol. wt. 4.62 x 10 ) contains 65.8% carbohydrate, and the other (mol. wt. 2.9 x 10 ) contains 49.6% carbohydrate. They differ in activity towards the lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris. 

Current immunoassays make use of polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies to capture test analytes from serum or plasma samples. A limitation for all sandwich-type immunoassays occurs when the patient sample contains heterophile or human anti-animal antibodies. These antibodies occur in patients with autoimmune diseases and exposure to animal antigens, respectively. When present, these antibodies bind to both the capture and signal antitroponin antibodies, thereby producing a falsely positive signal in the absence of the analyte (Figure 92.2b). Commercial assays for cardiac troponin are not immune... 

Fujii, Y., Higashi, H., Ikuta, K., Kato, S., and Naiki, M., 1982, Specificities of human heterophilic Hanganutziu and Deicher (H-D) and avian antisera against H-D antigen-active glycosphingolip-ids. Mol. Immunol. 19 87-94. 

Ohashi, Y., Sasabe, T., Nishida, T., Nishi, Y, and Higashi, H., 1983, Hanganutziu-Deicher heterophile antigen in human retinoblastoma cells. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 96 321-325. 

Saida, T, Ikegawa, S., Takizawa, Y, and Kawachi, S., 1990, Immunohistochemical detection of heterophile Hanganutziu-Deicher antigen in human malignant melanoma, Arch. Dermatol. Res. 282 179-182. 

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