Anticholinergic drugs trihexyphenidyl

Prescription and nonprescription anticholinergics Antiparkinson drugs Trihexyphenidyl (Artane)... 

Certain anticholinergic drugs such as benz-tropine, biperiden, and trihexyphenidyl are approved for use in treating Parkinson disease (see Chapter 10, Table 10-2 for a more complete list). These drugs... 

Tertiary-amine muscarinic receptor antagonists gain access to the central nervous system and are therefore the anticholinergic drugs used to treat parkinsonism and the extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotic drugs. Specific agents used primarily for these conditions include benztropine mesylate (Cogentin) and trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride (Artane, others). 

Centrally acting anticholinergic Benzotropine, trihexyphenidyl, procyclidine drugs... 

Orofacial dyskinesia, though familiar with dopaminergic drugs, can apparently also occur with some anticholinergic drugs for example, it has been described with trihexyphenidyl in a patient who did not have this reaction with levodopa (SEDA-18, 160). 

Trihexyphenidyl (benzhexol) is an anticholinergic drug. It is given in oral doses rising from 2 to 20 mg/day, and even higher doses are used in dystonic patients. A wide range of anticholinergic adverse reactions can occur, but trihexyphenidyl is apparently particularly likely to cause excitement. 

In patients with brain-stem reticular-reflex myoclonus, valproic acid and clonazepam are the most useful agents. In hyperreflexia, treatment is directed against the disabling tonic spasms, rather than jerks. Carbamazepine, phenytoin, and clonazepam are useful agents in this respect. Ballistic overflow myoclonus may improve with anticholinergic drugs such as benztropine or trihexyphenidyl. 

Mirapex), and ropinirole (Requip) are newer drugs used in the treatment of Parkinson s disease Drag-induced parkinsonism is treated with the anticholinergics benz-tropine (Cogentin) and trihexyphenidyl (Artane). 

Trihexyphenidyl, an antiparkinsonian drug, possesses central and peripheral anticholinergic actions, as well as a direct relaxant effect on smooth muscle. It reduces muscle rigidity and general stiffness, and has a relatively minor effect on tremors. It is used in Parkinsonism in the form of monotherapy as well as in combination with levodopa. The most common synonyms are parkopan, parkinsan, and cyclodol. 

Trihexyphenidyl and biperiden have strong central and peripheral anticholinergic activity and both idiopathic as well as drug-induced Parkinsonism can be an indication for their use. Especially the tremor of Parkinsonism is favorably influenced. Large doses of trihexyphenidyl are said to have a mood modifying effect. The existence of a parenteral dosage forms of biperiden extends the applications of this agent. Both have a duration of action of 6-12 hours. 

Antiparkinsonian drugs possessing anticholinergic properties (e.g., trihexyphenidyl and ethopropazine)... 

Trihexyphenidyl, an anticholinergic agent (1 mg p.o. daily), is indicated as an adjunct with other medications in the treatment of Parkinson s disease, and especially in drug-induced parkinsonism. 

Concomitant nse with amantadine may amplify trihexyphenidyl s anticholinergic adverse effects, causing confusion and haUncinations. Concomitant use with haloperidol or phenothiazines may decrease the antipsychotic effectiveness of these drugs, possibly from direct CNS antagonism concomitant phenothiazine nse also increases the risk of anticholinergic adverse effects. 

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