Antibodies used for Tumor Diagnosis on Paraffin Sections and Expression Pattern

Common Antibodies used for Tumor Diagnosis on Paraffin Sections and Expression Pattern 

The following part provides an overview of the most common antibodies used for tumor diagnosis as well as the expression pattern of targeted antigens detected by the immunohistochemical reaction. The expression pattern of the different cellular antigens is an important factor to consider and essential for the precise interpretation of the immunohistochemical stains and includes the following expression (stain) patterns  

Nuclear stain pattern characteristic for antigens expressed within cellular nuclei or on the nuclear membrane. Good examples for this expression pattern are transcription factors and steroid hormone receptors. 

Cytoplasmic stain pattern characteristic for antigens located within the cytoplasm. Common examples are cellular skeletal proteins such as vimentin, actin and desmin. 

Membrane stain pattern characteristic for antigens expressed on the cell membrane, typical example is the expression of the lymphoid surface antigens. 

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