Anti-inflammatory therapies antioxidants

While apoptosis is related to the production of reactive oxygen intermediates, the modulation of apoptosis by antioxidants correlates to the modification of cell proliferation. There is evidence that oxidative stress acts as a major determinant of apoptotic cell death [100]. For this reason, the ability to differentiate and modulate apoptosis and necrosis by antioxidants opens up a wide range of possibilities in anti-inflammatory therapies [101]. 

Yamada, T., Volkmer, C. and Grisham, M.B. (1990). Antioxidant properties of 5-aminosalicylic acid, potential mechanism for its anti-inflammatory activity. In Trends in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy , (ed. C.J. Williams) pp. 73-84. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Lancaster. 

A large number of additional therapies have been or are under review. These therapies include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, proinflammatory agents (GM-CSF), antiadhesion molecules, gene therapy, antiendotoxin therapy, and antioxidants (e.g., superoxide dismutase)." Therapies will continue to focus on the early interventions to prevent the progressive downward spiral of lung injury, inflammation, and hypoxemia. 

Choice of pharmacotherapy includes consideration of short-term benefits as well as long-term consequences. Patients with mild PD often function adequately without symptomatic treatment. However, therapeutic approaches that are commonly used at the present time include dopaminergic strategies, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory strategies, stabilization of mitochondrial dynamics, use of statins, memantine, co-3 fatty acids, and gene therapy (Farooqui, 2009a). 

Available results highlight the potential of macroalga alkaloids for medicinal use. Further research in this field seems likely to yield promising results for the development of anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial agents as well as novel therapies against affective disorders, psychosis, addiction, hyperactivity, and locomotor diseases. 

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