Anti-infective agents selectivity

Mustard RA, Bohnen JMA, Rosati C, Schouten D. Pneumonia com- Solomkin JS, Mazuski JE, Baron EJ, et al. Guidelines for the selection plicating abdominal sepsis. Arch Surg 1991 126 170-175. of anti-infective agents for complicated intraabdominal infec-... 

Appropriate empiric anti-infective therapy decreases 28-day mortality compared to inappropriate empiric therapy (24% versus 39%).22 23,30 Additionally, appropriate therapy administered within 1 hour of sepsis recognition also decreases complications and mortality.22-23,30 Empiric anti-infective therapy should include one, two, or three drugs, depending on the site of infection and causative pathogens (Table 79-3). Anti-infective clinical trials in sepsis and septic shock patients are scarce and have not demonstrated differences among agents therefore, factors that determine selection are ... 

Viruses are obligate intracellular organisms as their replication is based on DNA and RNA dependent processes and protein synthesis of the host. Antiviral therapy can therefore not be as selective as antibacterial treatments and anti-viral agents tend to inhibit host cell function and can cause major toxicity. An other problem with antiviral therapy is the fact that active viral replication mostly takes place before symptoms become manifest. Our armamentarium against most viral infections is limited. 

Levatol ) is a (subtype-non-selective) P-adrenoceptor ANTAGONIST. It can be used as an antihypertensive. penbutolol sulfate penbutolol. penciclovir [ban, inn] (Vectavir ) is a synthetic nucleoside analogue antiviral, used topically as a treatment for herpes infections. It can also be used orally in the form of its prodrug famciclovir. It is active as an anti-hiv agent. Pendramine penicillamine. 

PS from terrestrial plants have also been reported as anti-CMV agents. For example, PS from three plant species, Astragalus brachycentrus D. C., Astragalus echidnaeformis Sirjaev and Sterculia urens Roxb., which are devoid of in vitro antiviral activity, were evaluated in mouse models of murine CMV infections [109], Treatment with the compounds needed to be started one day prior to virus inoculation for maximum protective benefit. Treatments starting after virus inoculation were ineffective. The mannose-specific plant PS from the orchid species Cymbidium hybrid Cym., Epipactis helleborine (L) Crantz. and Listera ovata (L.) R.Br. Svenska are potent and selective inhibitors of human CMV in vitro [110], They presumably interact at the level of virion fusion with the target cell. 

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