Anti-fogging

Anti-fogging - resisting the release of ingredients that can be deposited on nearby surfaces and cause fogging - is particularly demanded by the automotive industry for materials used inside a car. It especially affects PVC and 

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MASK SURG ANTI-FOG NON-GLASS PLEATED LINT-FREE GREEN DISP 300S 6515011635988 PG 46.51 ... 

Near infrared absorbers include cyanin compounds, pyrylium compounds, phthalocyanine compounds, and dithiol metal complexes. Antistatic agents include long chain alkyl alcohols and fatty acid esters with polyhydric alcohols. Stearyl alcohol and behenyl alcohol are the especially preferred compounds. Anti-fogging agents include sorbitan fatty acid esters and glycerin fatty acid esters. 

Excellent for cleaning automobile windshields, household windows, refrigerators, stove tops, and kitchen counter surfaces. It removes grease and dirt and is easy to wipe off because of the lubricity provided by the silicone fluid. This formulation also provides anti-fog properties. 

Fig. 7.9 Water contact angle and anti-fogging effect.

Trade Names Edwal s Liquid Orthazite, which contains approximately a 3% solution of ben-zotriazole with sodium sulfite. Kodak Anti-Fog 1 (no longer manufactured ). 

Kodak Anti-Fog No. 2,0.5% solution 40.0ml Sodium sulfate, 50.0g Sodium carbonate, monohydrate, 12.0g Water to make 1.0 liter Formaldehyde, 37% (formalin), 5.0ml... 

Kodak Anti-Fog 2 is 6-nitrobenzimidazole nitrate. To make a 0.5% solution, dissolve 1 gram in 200.0ml of distilled water. 

Having achieved the first step the further ethoxylation is catalysed with base, sodium or potassium hydroxide, to give the degree of ethoxylation required. The reaction temperature is about 150°C. The two main materials produced commercially are the diethanolamines, which are used in plastics as antistatic or anti-fog agents and the 15-mol ethoxylate, which is used as an adjuvant in herbicide formulations. 

Toronto, Ontario, 24th-28th Aug. 1997, p.417-22. 012 ANTI-FOG ADDITIVES FOR EXTRUDED FILM Falter J A Geick K S Williams J B Lonza Inc. 

PiccineUi [5] used (tricyclopentylphosphine)dichloro(3-methyl-butenylidene), (VI), or related cyclic derivatives, (VII), to prepared anti-fog agents, (Vlll), by coupling 2-norbomene and aUyl-terminated ohgomeric ethylene oxide using ring opening metathesis polymerization as illustrated in (VIII) below. 

These few examples show how the use of nanocomposite systems with hetero polysiloxane type of matrices leads to interesting properties for applications. Further developments using these basic systems are transparent controlled release coatings for anti-fogging systems [41], anti-corrosive systems for metal protection [42], and nanocomposite optical bulk materials [43],... 

Some chemicals can cause eye damage and even blindness. If your safety goggles are uncomfortable or if they cloud up, ask your teacher for help. Try lengthening the strap, washing the goggles with soap and warm water, or using an anti-fog spray. 

The photographic industry too makes ample use of many of these substances as stabilizers, anti-fogging agents, toners, anti-bronzing or anti-plumming agents and the like. 

Figure 18. Comparing ordinary float glass (a) with anti-fogging glass with superhydrophilicity effect (b), were the water forms a thin sheet, with no fogging effect.

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