Organic anthropogenic compounds

Naidja A, Huang PM, Bollag J-M (2000) Enzyme-clay interactions and their impact on transformations of natural and anthropogenic organic compounds in soils. J Environ Qual 29 677-691... 

Chlorine isotope studies have been applied to understand the environmental chemistry of anthropogenic organic compounds, such as chlorinated organic solvents or biphenyls. The primary goal of such studies is to identify and quantify sources and... 

Figure 1.3 General scheme for evaluation of the environmental behavior of anthropogenic organic compounds.

Table 2.5 Some Important Nitrogen-Containing Functional Groups Present in Anthropogenic Organic Compounds...

To do so we observe that typical temporal variations of quantities like air temperature, wind speed, flushing rate, but also of man-made parameters like the input of some anthropogenic organic compound into the environment, can be described by just two distinct types of variability (1) by long-term trends, and (2) by period fluctuations. In the following the subscript i is omitted for brevity. 

M. J. M. Wells and V. D. Adams, Determination of anthropogenic organic compounds associated with fixed or suspended solids/sediments an overview, in R. A. Baker, ed., Organic Substances and Sediments in Water Processes and Analytical, Vol. 2, Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI, 1991, pp. 409-479. 

Many anthropogenic organic compounds are highly hydrophobic in character, that is, they possess high values of the 1-octanol/water partitioning coefficient (generally expressed as the log P). They can be present in different types of wastewaters. In such context, the two-phase partitioning bioreactors can be used for the elimination of these compounds from wastewater. They... 

Kawamura K. and I. R. Kaplan, Biogenic and anthropogenic organic compounds in rain and snow samples collected in southern California, Atmos. Environ. 20 (1986) 115-124. 

From the coefficient values, a generalisation can be proposed for the classification of wastewater (Fig. 32). This classification is based both on the value of the sum of the coefficients, excluding the fourth one corresponding to nitrate, and on the magnitude of the first (TSS) and fourth (nitrate) coefficients. This method can be applied in order to show the presence of anthropogenic organic compounds in natural water or to check the efficiency of a chemical or biological treatment. 

As reported in Table 3.52 maximum requlations have been set for only six anthropogenic organic compounds and total trihaJomethanes. It is anticipated that this list will be expanded as the health risks of other synthetic chemicals are evaluated. 

New particle formation in urban areas has been linked to two chemical compound classes, (1) sulphuric acid and (2) anthropogenic organic compounds emitted by for instance fossil fuel consumption. It is believed that sulphuric acid starts the nucleation process and forms a nucleation core, onto which the organic compounds condense to cause the subsequent growth. This is based on particle size distribution and number concentration measurements accompanied with sulphuric acid data, which provide good correlations for the first stage of new particle formation (see Fig. 1 of Riipinen et al. 2007). 

R127 R. L. Cook, Application in Environmental Research on Anthropogenic Organic Compounds in Wiley- lUPAC Series on Biophysico-Chemical Processes in Environmental Systems, eds. B. Xing, N. Senesi and P. M. Huang, John Wiley Sons, Inc., 2011, Vol. 3, Biophysico-Chemical Processes of Anthropogenic Organic Compounds in Environmental Systems, p. 315. 

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