Angiogenic response

Fall N, Bove KE, Stringer K, et al. Association between lack of angiogenic response in muscle tissue and high expression of angiostatic ELR-negative CXC chemokines in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis possible link to vasculopa-thy. Arthritis Rheum 2005 52(10) 3175-3180. 

Jeong SJ, Higuchi R, Ono M et al (2003) cu-Hinokiresinol, a norlignan from Anemarrhene asphodeloides, inhibits angiogenic response in vitro and in vivo. Biol Pharm Bull 26 1721-1724... 

I0 Ruel M, Wu Gp Khan TA, et al. Inhibition of the cardiac angiogenic response to surgical FGF-2 therapy in a Swine endothelial dysfunction model. Circulation 2003 I08(suppl I) II335-II340. 

FGF-1 is the broadest acting member of the FGF family, and a potent mitogen for the diverse cell types needed to mount an angiogenic response in damaged (hypoxic)... 

NO (nitric oxide). Widely considered to be a major contributor to the angiogenic response reduction of NO significantly diminishes the effects of angiogenic growth factors. 

Fig. 9.2. Angiogenic activity is quantified by the formula [number of vessels x distance from the limbus]. The vessel density is calculated counting the number of newly formed capillaries. The distance from the limbus (mm) is calculated using an ocular grid. An angiogenic response is scored positive at day 3-4 when the budding vessels travel approximately 0.5—0.8 mm from the limhal plexus (a) at day 5-7 when capillaries progress into the comeal stroma to 1.0—1.8 mm. and at day 9-12 when the new capillaries reach the pellet containing the angiogenic...

Measurements In mice and rats it is possible to obtain time-point results. The evolution of the angiogenic response in the same animal is not recommended because each time the cornea is observed the animal has to be anaesthetized. Thus, experiments are made with a large number of animals and vessel growth during time is measured in individual animals. In contrast, multiple observations are possible in rabbits. The use of slit lamp stereomicroscope and of nonanesthetized animals allows the observation of newly formed vessels over time with long term monitoring, even for 1-2 months. 

Fig. 9.3. Representative pictures of a negatire (a) and a positire (b) angiogenic response. Note in panel b the strong neovascularization caused b - the pellet containing VEGF12I (200 ng/pellet) in comparison with the ehicle alone. Pictures are taken 12 days after pellet implant. Arrow s indicate the new l formed essels.

If it is necessary to inject allogenic cells along with matrigel the test can be modified using nude mice. Nude mice usually exhibit a lower angiogenic response as compared to C57/black mice it is necessary to titrate the cytokines and heparin concentration. 

Mizukami Y, Jo WS, Duerr EM, et al. (2005) Induction of interleukin-8 preserves the angiogenic response in HIF-1 alpha-deficient colon cancer cells. Nat Med 11 992-997... 

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