Analogue restoration

To end this section, let us state in full the analogue of Eqs. (29) and (32) for the case of several moment densities, restoring the notation used in the previous sections. The square bracket on the right-hand side of Eq. (32) is the moment expression for the entropy of an ideal mixture. If, as in Section II. A, we measure this entropy per unit volume (rather than per particle, as previously in the current section) and generalize to several moment densities, we find by the combinatorial approach the following moment free energy ... 

Thus, in patients with Addison s disease or other forms of adrenal insufficiency, continuing oral administration of cortisone acetate or fludrocortisone acetate enables salt balance to be restored. Other corticosteriods and analogues that have been used in the hormonal control of sodium levels include aldosterone and deoxycortone acetate. Individual corticosteroids vary in the extent to which they possess the various hormonal activities so that combination therapy is usually required if, for example, mineral balances are to be maintained when corticosteroids are administered for their anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic or anti-allergic properties. 

A 20 amino acid polypeptide [1], bivalirudin (hirulog) is a synthetic version of hirudin. Its amino-terminal D-Phe-Pro-Arg-Pro domain, which interacts with the active site of thrombin, is linked via four Gly residues to a dodecapeptide analogue of the carboxy-terminal of hirudin. Like hirudin, bivalirudin also forms a 1 1 stoichiometric complex with thrombin. Once bound, however, the Arg-Pro bond at the amino-terminal of bivalirudin is cleaved by thrombin, thereby restoring active site functions of the enzyme complexes of a-thrombin [2]. 

Let several "populations" of autocatalysts (a = 1, 2,. ..) that are generated by the same "food" R function simultaneously in the system. A decrease in R to the value R results in the complete "extinction" of those autocatalysts for which Rcra = 82a/sia < R. If the amount (concentration) of "food" then increases (i.e., if R rises), the populations of the extinct autocatalysts do not restore because of the disappearance of the respective autocatalyst inoculants. However, if the autocatalysts are capable of mutating toward a decrease in critical parameter Rcra, the inoculants of the autocatalysts with minimal R a can persist even at the reduced concentration of food. For this reason, the population of these selected autocatalysts will start growing with the increase in R, if any. In other words, an analogue of natural selection adapts the autocatalyst system to the conditions of "starvation in "food" R. 

Swann, S. L, Bergh, J.J., pARACH-GtR-SON, M. C., Koh, J.T. Rational design of vitamin D3 analogues which selectively restore activity to a vitamin D receptor mutant associated with rickets. Org. Lett 2002, 4, 3863-3866. 

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