Analgesia regional, local anesthetics

Regional analgesia with local anesthetics (Table 54-6) can provide relief of both acute and chronic pain. Anesthetics can be positioned by injection (i.e., in joints, in the epidural or intrathecal space, along nerve roots) or applied topically. 

Bonica JJ, Buckley FP (1990) Regional analgesia with local anesthetics. In Bonica JJ (ed) The management of pain, 2nd edn. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, pp 1883-1966... 

Local Anesthetic Block specific nerve pathways in a region and result in temporary analgesia and paralysis but no loss of consciousness. 

Bupivacaine, an amide local anesthetic, is indicated in the production of local or regional anesthesia or analgesia, for oral surgery, for surgery, for diagnostic procedures, or for obstetrical anesthesia. 

Mepivacaine hydrochloride [N-(2, 6-dimethylphenyl)-1-methyl 2-piperidinecarboxamide monohydrochloride] is an amino amide-type local anesthetic agent widely used to provide regional analgesia and anesthesia by local infiltration, peripheral nerve block, and epidural and caudal blocks. The pharmacological and toxicological profile of mepivacaine is quite similar to that of lidocaine, except that mepivacaine has a slightly longer duration of action and lacks the vasodilator activity of lidocaine. For this reason, it serves as an alternate choice for lidocaine when addition of epinephrine is not recommended in patients with hypertensive vascular disease. 

Indications Local or regional anesthesia or analgesia Category Anesthetic, local Half-life N/A... 

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