Ammonium acid formate persulphate

It was then shown by M. G. Levi1 that the yield is not diminished by allowing the temperature to rise as high as 30° C., and is almost independent of the cathode material used, but he found that a new smooth platinum anode gives a better yield than an old one which has a somewhat rough surface. A patent process of 1904 claimed the use of an undivided cell with the addition of hydrofluoric acid, under which circumstances E. Miiller2 had shown that the yield of potassium persulphate was equal to that of the ammonium salt. This rendered possible the direct production of the potassium salt without relying on the intermediate formation of ammonium persulphate and subsequent decomposition with potassium chloride. 

From what has been said about the influence of the cations it follows that the highest current efficiency is obtained when electrolysis is carried out with a neutral solution of ammonium sulphate. With such a solution the formation of harmful Caro s acid is almost entirely avoided. Another advantage of a neutral solution is that no diaphragm is needed to prevent the reduction of persulphate at the cathode. The addition of a small amount of alkali chromate to the solution will suppress reduction as a thin film of chromium hydroxide is formed on the cathode surface which prevents the persulphate ions coming into contact with the electrode. 

A peroxide, probably Ag203, is stated to be produced by anodic oxidation of silver in acid solution.4 When solutions of sodium or potassium persulphate react with silver or silver nitrate, a peroxide with a higher percentage of oxygen than Ag2Oa is produced, the process being attended by catalytic decomposition of the persulphate with formation of the acid sulphate. Ammonium persulphate does not yield a peroxide, but the ammonium radical becomes oxidized to nitric acid.6... 

The most preferred method for synthesis is to use either hydrochloric or sulphuric acid with ammonium persulphate as an oxidant [15-19]. Oxidative polymerization is a two-electron change reaction and hence, the persulphate requirement is one mole per mole of a monomer. However, the smaller quantity of oxidant is used to avoid oxidative degradation of the polymer formed. It has been noticed that better polymer formation occurs if the monomer solution in acid and... 

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