Ammonia reaction with ammonium

Common acidic ingredients include vinegar, lemon juice, sour milk, buttermilk, yogurt, tart fruits, and cream of tartar. Commercial bakeries often use ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium carbonate as a leavening agent. The gas-producing reaction with ammonium bicarbonate actually generates both carbon dioxide gas and ammonia gas ... 

Cyclization of the lithium enolate of the ketosulfone (iv) with 2,3-dichloroacrolein (xviii), obtained by treatment of 2-chloro-3-hydroxy-propenal (xv) with oxalyl chloride and DMF in toluene, followed by reaction with ammonium acetate or anhydrous ammonia... 

By the action of oxygen, a white product is formed, the composition of which has not been determined. The reaction with ammonium cliioride in liquid ammonia is probably represented by the equations,... 

ALPHADRATE (57-13-6) Heat forms anhydrous ammonia fumes. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chlorine, permanganates, dichromates, nitrites, inorganic chlorides, chlorites, and perchlorates. Ignition or explosive reaction with ammonium nitrate, chromyl... 

By analogy, ammonium salts should behave as acids in liquid ammonia, since they produce the cation NH4 (the solvo-cation ), and soluble inorganic amides (for example KNHj, ionic) should act as bases. This idea is borne out by experiment ammonium salts in liquid ammonia react with certain metals and hydrogen is given off. The neutralisation of an ionic amide solution by a solution of an ammonium salt in liquid ammonia can be carried out and followed by an indicator or by the change in the potential of an electrode, just like the reaction of sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid in water. The only notable difference is that the salt formed in liquid ammonia is usually insoluble and therefore precipitates. 

Reaction with chlorosulphonic acid ( chlorosulphonyl-ation ). Sulphonamides. Many aryl hahdes, either alone or in chloroform solution, when treated with excess of chlorosulphonic acid afford the corresponding sulphonyl chlorides in good yield (compare Section IV.106) the latter may be readily converted into the aryl sulphonamides by reaction with concentrated ammonia solution or with sohd ammonium carbonate. 

In the Strecker synthesis an aldehyde is converted to an a ammo acid with one more carbon atom by a two stage procedure m which an a ammo nitrile is an mterme diate The a ammo nitrile is formed by reaction of the aldehyde with ammonia or an ammonium salt and a source of cyanide ion Hydrolysis of the nitrile group to a car boxylic acid function completes the synthesis... 

Ammonia—Gas-Cured Flame Retardants. The first flame-retardant process based on curing with ammonia gas, ie, THPC—amide—NH, consisted of padding cotton with a solution containing THPC, TMM, and urea. The fabric was dried and then cured with either gaseous ammonia or ammonium hydroxide (96). There was Httle or no reaction with cellulose. A very stable polymer was deposited in situ in the cellulose matrix. Because the fire-retardant finish did not actually react with the cellulose matrix, there was generally Httle loss in fabric strength. However, the finish was very effective and quite durable to laundering. 

Ammonium fluorosulfate is produced from ammonium fluoride by reaction with sulfur trioxide, oleum, or potassium pyrosulfate, 1 2820 (48). Solutions of ammonium fluorosulfate show Htfle evidence of hydrolysis and the salt may be recrystallized from hot water. Ammonium fluorosulfate absorbs anhydrous ammonia to form a series of Hquid amines that contain 2.5—6 moles of ammonia per mole of salt (77). 

Methanol can be converted to a dye after oxidation to formaldehyde and subsequent reaction with chromatropic acid [148-25-4]. The dye formed can be deterruined photometrically. However, gc methods are more convenient. Ammonium formate [540-69-2] is converted thermally to formic acid and ammonia. The latter is trapped by formaldehyde, which makes it possible to titrate the residual acid by conventional methods. The water content can be determined by standard Kad Eischer titration. In order to determine iron, it has to be reduced to the iron(II) form and converted to its bipyridyl complex. This compound is red and can be determined photometrically. Contamination with iron and impurities with polymeric hydrocyanic acid are mainly responsible for the color number of the merchandized formamide (<20 APHA). Hydrocyanic acid is detected by converting it to a blue dye that is analyzed and deterruined photometrically. 

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