Ammodendron Ammodendrine

Anabasine (3-(2-piperidinyl)-pyridine) from Mcotiana and Duboisia species (Solanaceae) is an nACh-R agonist used to discourage tobacco smoking as is the JV-methylated tricyclic piperidine (—)-lobeline from Lobelia species (Campanulaceae). Lobeline-related compounds from Lobelia species include the bicyclic jV methyltetrahydropyridines isolobinine and lobinine and the tricyclic jV-methylpiperidines lobelanine and lobelanidine. Anabasine-related compounds include anatabine (2-(3-pyridyl)-l,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) from M tabacum and (+)-ammodendrine (jV-acetyltetrahydroanabasine) from Ammodendron and Sophora species (Fabaceae). 

Ammodendron Conollyi Bunge (Leguminosae) is a small tree found in the deserts of Central Asia. Although its stem and branches are almost devoid of alkaloids, its leaves contain a considerable quantity (1.8% of the dry weight). The crude, oily alkaloid may be separated by vacuum distillation into three fractions and a residue (463). The lower boiling fraction consists of d-sparteine while the fraction b.p. 185-200°/4 mm., consists mostly of a new alkaloid which is named ammodendrine. The ratio of d-sparteine to ammodendrine varies with the time of harvesting (461). In plants collected in July, this ratio was 5 1, while in material collected in August and September, it was 2 3. 

Quinolizidine Alkaloids.—Cadaverine is known to be a precursor for quinoliz-idine alkaloids. (For discussion of the biosynthesis of these alkaloids see also previous Reports). Recent experiments have shown that cadaverine is a precursor for alkaloids (anagyrine, pachycarpine, ammodendrine, N-methylcytisine, and cytisine) in Ammodendron karelinu too. Metabolism of lupanine, anagyrine, ammodendrine, and pachycarpine in the plant was also studied. ... 

A number of other compounds with similar structures [e.g., ammodendrine (28) from Ammodendron conollyii, Fa-baceae] are not derived from nicotinic acid, but wholly from lysine derived units (Fig. 29.10) (Herbert, 1988). 

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