2-Amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene 2-ADNT

TNT is readily absorbed through skin, especially when skin is moist. It is excreted in urine more than in feces some is found in bile. The major biotransformation reaction is nitroreduction and, to a lesser extent, oxidation. The main metabolite formed by nitroreduction seems to be 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT). Other metabolites include 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT), 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene, and 2,6-diamino-4-nitrotoluene. The metabolites are excreted in the urine as glucuronide conjugates and in the free form. Ring oxidation products of TNT such as trinitrobenzylalcohol, trinitrobenzoic acid, and simultaneous oxidation and reduction metabolites such as 2,6-dinitro-4-amino-benzylalcohol and 2,6-dinitro-4-amino-m-cresol are of less importance. Untransformed TNT is also excreted in the urine. ADNT and TNT concentrations were found in workers in explosives factories. 4-ADNT excretion was reported to be complete within 3M days after exposure. However, another study reported detectable urine concentration of ADNT in explosives workers even after 17 days away from the workplace. 

Trinitrotoluene (TNT) 2-Amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT) 4-Amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT)... 

Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is the most commonly used energetic compound and found in the soils at U.S. Army installations [16,17], Military grades of TNT contain up to 8% DNTs (2,4-dinitrotoluene and 2,6-dinitrotoluene) as manufacturing impurities, and TNT is often degraded to DNT in hydric soils (i.e., wet anaerobic environments) [18,19], Other compounds are also generated when TNT is degraded (e.g., 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene [2-ADNT], 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene [4-ADNT], 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene [TNB], and others). Contamination from TNT, DNTs, and their environmental breakdown products is known to persist in soil for years [20],... 

The lower the bioavailability of a toxicant, the less likely it is to have a toxic effect on an organism. This is discussed in more detail in the work by Sinclair and Boxall and Escher et al., in this volume. The availability of a compound for biodegradation is influenced by the compound s location relative to microorganisms and its water solubility. Once absorbed by an organism, the chemical may be metabolized and excreted, sequestered internally, or accumulated. For example, in order to assess toxicity and bio accumulation of TNT reduction products, 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT), 4-amino-... 

DNT, and various other NACs adsorbed strongly to aU clay surfaces tested, and that the adsorption was completely reversible. Daun et al. (1998) performed similar adsorption experiments on TNT and its metabolites to a montmorillonitic clay. They confirmed that the adsorption of TNT and two of its metabolites, 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT) and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT), was completely reversible, but the adsorption of a third degradation product,... 

Hg, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB), 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT) Impedance Spodoptera frugiperda Adsorption n.r. n.r. 174... 

Primary nitroaromatics are TNT the environmental breakdown products, including 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB), 1,3-dinitrobenzene (DNB), 2,4-and 2,6-dinitro-toluene (DNTs) and the primary reduction products 2-amino 4,6-dinitrotoluene and 4-amino 2,6-dinitrotoluene (ADNTs). Nitramines include RDX and octahydro-l,3,5,7-tetranitro-l,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX). Additional energetic compounds discussed in this chapter include nitroglycerin, white phosphorus, and ammonium perchlorate. Other energetic compounds are not discussed due to a lack of information regarding toxicity to wildlife species. 

During World War II, copious quantities of ordnance were lost into the harbor at Halifax, Nova Scotia. Decades later, these UUXO now present a significant environmental contamination problem. Studies conducted on this ordnance by Sandia National Laboratories [1] suggest that there may be sufficient concentrations of explosive chemical signature compounds emanating from UUXO to enable detection with chemical sensors. Some UUXO in Halifax Harbor have been shown to produce parts-per-billion levels of explosives in the water near the ordnance. In addition to the parent explosive compound (TNT), other explosive-related compounds such as 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) were detected, as were degradation products of TNT such as 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT), and... 

Note +, produced not produced ND, no data T, toluene NT, nitrotoluene DNT, dinitrotoluene 2A4NT, 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene ADNT, aminodinitrotoluene. 

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