Amide salt electrolyte

Rechargeable Alkaline Metal Batteries of Amide Salt Electrolytes Melting at Low to Middle Temperatures 557... 

The FDA often considers such simple, uncomplicated amides, lactams, esters, and lactones as derivatives of the active drag substance in the same way as it treats salts (electrolytes) and ion-pair complexes (nonelectrolytes) of the same basic chemical structure. 

After the wet separation process, the obtained M(TESA) amide salts were dissolved in [P2225] [TESA] on the electrodeposition process. In the case of the three electrode systems as shown in Eig. 6.29, Cu cylindrical cathode was used for the electrodeposition. A prismatic Nd-Ee-B rod was employed as an anode and surrounded by a soda lime tube with a Vycor glass filter at the bottom in order to prevent the diffusion of dissolution components from the anode into the electrolyte. Then, Pt wire was applied as a quasi-reference electrode (QRE), because the... 

Sun, J. MacFarlane, D. R. Forsyth, M. A new family of ionic liquids based on the l-alkyl-2-methylpyrrolinium cation, Electrochim. Acta, 2003, 48(12), 1707-1711 Fors3dh, S. Golding, J. MacFarlane, D. R. Forsyth, M. A-methyl-iV-alkylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate salts ionic solvents and solid electrolytes, Electrochim. Acta, 2001, 46(10-11), 1753-1757 Golding, J. J. Macfarlane, D. R. Spiccia, L. et al. Weak intermolecular interactions in sulfonamide salts structure of 1-ethyl-2-methyl-3-benzylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]amide, Chem. Commun., 1998, 1593-1594. 

V-Acylsaccharins prepared by treatment of the sodium salt of saccharin with acyl chlorides were reduced by 0.5 molar amounts of sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride in benzene at 0-5° to give 63-80% yields of aliphatic, aromatic and unsaturated aldehydes [1108 Fair yields (45-58%) of some aliphatic aldehydes were obtained by electrolytic reduction of tertiary and even secondary amides in undivided cells fitted with platinum electrodes and filled with solutions of lithium chloride in methylamine. However, many secondary and especially primary amides gave 51-97% yields of alcohols under the same conditions [130]. 

The needle-like crystals have no colour or smell, but have a strong acidic taste. They are not readily dissolved by water, they are not hygroscopic, and are fairly stable. The compound is at once decomposed by water at 0° into amidosulphonie acid and sulphuryl amide HN(S02.NH2)2+H20=S02(NH2)2+NH2.HS03. The mol. wt. determinations of the salt in aq. soln., and the electrical conductivity confirm this reaction. The electrical conductivity of aq. soln. gives values corresponding with those for amidosulphonie acid, since the sulphuryl amide also produced is not an electrolyte. The compound is insoluble in benzene, and chloroform ... 

The acyloxylation of A -alkylsubstituted amides has received considerable attention [70,75,118], from both the mechanistic and the preparative points of view. In electrolytes containing alkali metal carboxylates the direct mechanisms probably operates, whereas in the case where a nitrate salt is the supporting electrolyte an indirect mechanism involving hydrogen abstraction from the A -alkyl group by anodically generated NO3 is indicated. The same mechanistic problem is encountered in side-chain acetoxylation of alkylaromatic compounds in the presence of N03 [123,152,153]. The method for large-scale substitution into A -formyl derivatives, which works so well for methoxylation, fails when applied to acetoxylation, probably because of the acid sensitivity of the products [80]. 

Formamide has probably been examined most thoroughly. Several solubility studies have been reported since the publication of Seidell and Linke. Gopal and Husain have determined the solubilities of over twenty electrolytes in formamide and at various temperatures, and Gopal and co-workers used the data to evaluate heats of solution in this solvent. Berardelli and co-workers have also reported heats of solution for several electrolytes, including some alkaline earth and transition metal halides. Alexander and co-workers have reported solubilities, in terms of the log of the solubility product, for numerous electrolytes in several solvents including some amides. Povarov and co-workers have measured the solubility of AgCl by radioactive tracer techniques in pure formamide and in solutions of NaCl and CsCl in formamide. Their results show AgCl to be considerably more soluble in formamide than indicated by the results of Alexander and coworkers. However, the latter workers point out that solubilities of silver salts in... 

Only a few data exist for the higher monosubstituted amides. Fuchs, Bear and Rodewald have measured heats of solution of several uniunivalent electrolytes in iV-ethylacetamide (NEA) including some tetraalkylammonium salts and others containing complex anions. They observe that for some salts, particularly tetraphenylarsonium chloride and sodium tetraphenylborate, the heat of solution varies markedly with concentration. While they suggest that the cause may be the result of ion-pair formation, they offer no convincing evidence. 

Kubota, K. Matsumoto, H., Investigation of an Intermediate Temperature Molten Lithium Salt Based on Fluorosulfonyl(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide as a Solvent-Free Lithium Battery Electrolyte, /. Phys. Chem. C, 2013,117, 18829-18836. 

Molecular dynamics simulations were used to study a number of electrolytes with potential interest to lithium battery applications EC DMC/LiPFe[35], EC/LiTFSI [36, 37], DMC/LiTFSI [38], GBL/LiTFSI [38], oligoethers/Li salts [39 1], acet-amide/LiTFSI [42], EC/LiBF4 [43], PC/LiBF4 [43, 44], PC/LiPFg [44], DMC/ LiBF4 [43], oligoethers/LiPFs [45 7], and PC/LiTFSI [37]. The lithium cation coordination by solvent molecules, cation-anion aggregation, and transport properties were derived from MD simulations. It is important to pay attention to the reported simulation time because some of the earlier simulations by Li et al. [48]... 

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