American psychiatry

Luhrmann, T. M. (2000). Of Two Minds The Growing Disorder in American Psychiatry. New York Knopf. 

I can almost hear some of the musings of the unbelievers After all, this study was done by psychiatrists. Who knows, maybe they absent-mindedly moved the decimal points. In any case, the new treatment method did not make it into mainstream American psychiatry, much less general medical practice. Nor did the good news that physostigmine was an effective antidote for atropine delirium. (Incidentally, I met Forrer s colleague. Dr. Miller, in 1981, 30 years after their first publications about atropine coma therapy. He was invited to... 

Pilgrim D. The biopsychosocial model in Anglo-American psychiatry Past, present and... 

Lin KM, Poland RE, Nakasaki G (eds). Pshchopharmacology and Psychobiology of Ethnicity. Washington, DC, London, England American Psychiatri Press Inc., 1993 1-276. 

Grob, G. 1983, The Inner World of American Psychiatry 1890-1940. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick. 

Hartwell CE. 1996. The schizophrenogenic mother concept. American psychiatry. Psychiatry 59(3) 274-297. 

Stanton AH. 1982. Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, MD Her impact on American psychiatry. Psychiatry 45(2) 121-127. 

Tollefson, G. D., Serotonin uptake inhibitors, in Textbook of Psychopharmacology, Schatzberg, A. F. and Nemeroff, C. B., American Psychiatry Press, Washington, D.C., 1995. 

One Hundred Years of American Psychiatry. New York, Columbia University Press, 1944... 

In 1968, Karl Menninger, the undisputed leader of postwar American psychiatry, defined mental illness as a certain state of existence which is uncom-... 

Ultimately, the current view of both American psychiatry and the World Health Organization is the soundest public statement yet about sexual orientation that bisexuality and homosexuality are natural sexual variations, that individual sexual orientations lie on a continuum, and that they are based on gene and/or environment-dependent neuroendocrine alterations of sexual brain organization. This set of ideas derives from... 

Bruno Bettelheim emigrated from Austria and arrived in the United States in 1939 at the age of 36. In 1943, he published in a psychological journal a paper entitled Individual and Mass Behavior in Extreme Situations —an analysis he claimed to be based on his own experiences in two German concentration camps. In the early 1940s not much was known in America about either concentration camps or people who had survived them, and with the publication of that paper Bettelheim achieved a foot in the door of American psychiatry. A year later he was... 

The Bettelheim interlude in American psychiatry illustrates how dogma in science can be dangerous, in this case producing a public condemnation of the parents of autistic children, parents who suffered enormous guilt following the accusations that they were to blame for the autistic behavior manifested in their children. The best that can be said about Bettelheim is that his dogma was essentially the dogma of his contemporary psychoanalytic psychiatrists—so maybe they should all be blamed for the misery they caused. 

American Psychiatry Association Committee on Electroconvulsive Therapy. The Practice of Electroconvulsive Therapy Recommendations for Treatment, Training, and Privileging, 2nd edn. Washington, DC American Psychiatric Association, 2001. 

When, fifteen hundred years later, Pinel advanced similar ideas, he was hailed as a great psychiatric innovator. When, about the same time, Benjamin Rush advocated and practiced therapeutic brutalities far worse than those denounced by this ancient Roman physician, he was hailed as a great physician and humanitarian. Pinel, as the writers of official psychiatric history would have it, launched the First Psychiatric Revolution. Rush, for his part, is canonized as the Father of American Psychiatry. ... 

THE NEW MANUFACTURERS— BENJAMIN RUSH, THE FATHER OF AMERICAN PSYCHIATRY... 

Benjamin Rush (1746-1813), was Physician General of the Continental Army and served as Professor of Physic and Dean of the Medical School at the University of Pennsylvania. He is the undisputed Father of American Psychiatry his portrait adorns the official seal of the American Psychiatric Association. What kind of man was he What were his psychiatric ideas and practices ... 

Rush is hailed as the founder of American psychiatry because he claimed that there is no difference between mental and bodily... 

In this chapter, I have tried to show some of the ways in which Institutional Psychiatry constitutes a social system whose function is to create certain kinds of medical stigmata and to impose them on certain persons. To be sure, contemporary American psychiatry comprises, as we have already noted, more than just Institutional Psychiatry. This has been true, however, only since the early decades of this century. Elsewhere, Institutional Psychiatry is still the only kind of psychiatric practice in existence. And even in the United States, the scope and significance of Institutional Psychiatry... 

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