Amantadine HCl

Tissue culture studies have shown an additive effect from combined interferon and amantadine HCl treatment of chick embryo cells infected with influenza A/ SN Amantadine HCl has also been shown to be effective in tissue culture against strains of influenza A2 isolated in Japan in 1957, 1964 and 1965 and influenza A1 Isolated in 1953 but not on a 1964 influenza B strain. Classical fcwl cholera was sensitive to amantadine HCl in tissue culture O while preliminary studies indicate that oral doses of amantadine HCl reduce mortality from fowl plague in turkeys" and influenza infections in quail. ... 

Cyclooctylamlne HCl demonstrated antiviral activity against a variety of myxovlruses as well as IBR, herpes zoster and vaccinia in tissue culture and against influenza kl/kk/z/bO and A/Swine/sl5 but not a/fR8 in mlce. Other amine and ammonium compounds were found to be effective against influenza A viruses in mammalian cells as measured by a quantitative immunofluorescent technic with a mechanism similar to that of amantadine HCl. 

A 12-year-old girl took amantadine HCl 100 mg bd for 4 months and developed bilateral blurred vision which progressed. She had corneal edema and the central corneal thicknesses were 851 pm in the right eye and 886 pm in the left eye (reference range 509-613) [278 ]. 

A 68-year-old woman with Parkinsonism took amantadine HCl 100 mg bd for 2 years and developed comeal edema, with central comeal thicknesses of 871 mm in the right eye and 746 mm in the left eye [280 ]. There was bilateral diffuse stromal and epithelial edema with marked folds in Descemet s membrane. The amantadine was withdrawn and topical prednisolone acetate 1 % and sodium chloride eye-drops were given. There was complete resolution within 3 weeks, and the comeal thicknesses resolved (592 mm in the right eye and 567 mm in the left eye). 

Adamantylamine hydrochloride (Amantadine hydrochloride, Amazolone, Mantadan, Mantadix, Virofral) [665-66-7] M 187.7, m >360° (dec), pK s 10.58. Dissolve the salt in dry EtOH, add a few drops of dry EtOH saturated with HCl gas, followed by dry Et20 to crystallise the hydrochloride out. Dry the salt in a vacuum. Its solubility in H2O is >5 /o and it is solnble in EtOH but insoluble Et20. [Stetter et al. Chem Ber 93 226 19601] It is antiviral and anti-Parkinsonian agent [Komhuber et al.JNeural Transm 46 (Snppl) 399 7995]. 

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