Aluminum electronic structure

Copper, iron, and aluminum are three common metals in modem society. Copper wires carry the electricity that powers most appliances, including the lamp by which you may be reading. The chair in which you are sitting may have an iron frame, and you may be sipping a soft drink from an aluminum can. The properties that allow metals to be used for such a wide range of products can be traced to the principles of bonding and electronic structure. 

J. Lee, Y. Park, S.K. Lee, E.J. Cho, D.Y. Kim, H.Y. Chu, H. Lee, L.M. Do, and T. Zyung, Tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum-based organic light-emitting devices with Al/CaF2 cathode performance enhancement and interface electronic structures, Appl. Phys. Lett., 80 3123-3125 (2002). 

T. Chu, Y. Wu, J. Chen, and C.H. Chen, Characterization of electronic structure of Aluminum (III) fe(2-methyl-8-quninolinato)-4-phenylphenolate (BAlq) for phosphorescent organic light emitting devices, Chem. Phys. Lett., 404 121-125 (2005). 

Song, Y. Singh, R. Guo, Z. X. A First-Principles Study of the Electronic Structure and Stability of a Lithium Aluminum Hydride for Hydrogen Storage. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, no, 6906-6910. 

Dannetun P, Boman M, Stafstrom S, Salaneck WR, Lazzaroni R, Fredriksson C, Bredas JL, Zamboni R, Taliani C (1993) The chemical and electronic structure of the interface between aluminum and polythiophene semiconductors. J Chem Phys 99(l) 664-672 Ahn H, Whitten JE (2003) Vapor-deposition of aluminum on thiophene-terminated self-assembled monolayers on gold. J Phys Chem B 107(27) 6565-6572 Fisher GL, Flooper A, Opila RL, Jung DR, Allara DL, Winograd N (1999) The interaction between vapor-deposited A1 atoms and methylester-terminated self-assembled monolayers studied by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared reflectance spectroscopy. J Electron Spectrosc Relat Phenom 98-99 139-148... 

Pi TW, Liu Ch, Hwang J (2006) Surface electronic structure of Ca-deposited tris (8-hydroxyquinolato) aluminum studied by synchrotron radiation photoemission. J Appl Phys 99 123712... 

We have also begun a study of the aluminum slab in water using the water model described in Ref. 35. We have introduced 180 water molecules into the simulation cell in an ice structure and have allowed them to thermally equil-brate to 300 K with the electronic structure of the aluminum slab frozen. 

While this review discloses the kinetic and stereochemical features of soluble Ziegler-Natta catalysts, we have little information on the structure of the active center. The steric environments of active centers must be very important in determining the monomer reactivity, regiospecificity and stereospecificity of soluble catalyst. The influence of ligands such as the aluminum components on the rates of chain propagation and chain-terminating steps should be correlated to the electronic structure of... 

Ans. Mendeleev had used the prefix eka- (Sanskrit word for first) to name elements whose existence he predicted, applying the prefix to a known element in the same periodic group as the predicted element. His eka-boron, eka-aluminum, and e a-silicon were later discovered, confirmed, and named scandium, gallium, and germanium. Elements 104 and 105 were predicted to have electronic structures analogous to Hf and Ta. 

Strong Lewis acids and suitable reaction conditions (e.g., high dielectric constant, low temperature) unbalance the electron structure of olefins. The effect of nucleophilicity is demonstrated in the simplest olefinic series ethylene polymerization is practically impossible with aluminum chloride in methyl chloride diluent at —100° C. propene yields a low molecular weight oil under the same reaction conditions and isobutene polymerizes with extreme rapidity to high molecular weight rubbery products. 

Notice that the difference between the two electronic structures is a consequence of their different crystal structures. It is true that a two-electron bond keeps silicon in a tetrahedral structure, but if silicon is forced into a close-packed structure by pressure or heat, it becomes as metallic as aluminum and should be thought of as such. Once a structure has become close-packed, the solid will be metallic or insulating depending upon the atoms making up the structure. Recall the bound-... 

In view of the matrix-isolation infrared studies, the theoretical calculations, and those studies of aluminum beam-water reactions, it is of considerable interest to probe the electronic structure of aluminum metal atom hydration reaction intermediates and products Isolated in rare-gas matrices. Such a study will form a useful adjunct to the infrared research. A mapping of the electronic structure of these species will provide a data set to which further theoretical calculations may compare. A more focused elucidation of the nature of the gas-phase aluminum hydration reaction s chemiluminescent continuum emitter may be provided... 

---