Alligator mississippiensis

Crain, D.A., Guillette, L.J., and Rooney, A.A. et al. (1997). Alterations in steroidogenesis in aUigators (Alligator mississippiensis) exposed naturally and experimentally to environmental contaminants. Environmental Health Perspectives 105, 528-533. 

Matter, J.M., McMurry, C.S., and Anthony, A.B. et al. (1998). Development and implementation of endocrine biomarkers of exposure and effects in American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). Chemosphere 37, 1905-1914. 

Milnes, M.R., Bryan, T.A., and Katsu, Y. et al. (2008). Increased post hatching mortality and loss of sexually dimorphic gene expression in alligators Alligator mississippiensis) from a contaminated environment. Biology of Reproduction 1 07.064915. 

Heaton-Jones TG, Homer BE, Heaton-Jones DL, Sundlof SF. 1997. Mercury distribution in American aUigators Alligator mississippiensis) in Florida. J Zoo Wildl Med 28 62-70. 

Yanochko GM, Jagoe CH, Brisbin Jr IL. 1997. Tissue mercury concentrations in alligators Alligator mississippiensis) from the Florida Everglades and the Savannah River Site, South Carolina. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 32 323-328. 

AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES Alligator, Alligator mississippiensis, from mercury-contaminated areas total mercury, 1994-95, Florida Everglades vs. Savannah River SC Blood No data vs. 2.2 FW 55... 

American HAigztots, Alligator mississippiensis. Animal Behaviour 39,398-399. 

Cobb GP, Wood PD, O Quinn M. 1997. Polychlorinated biphenyls in eggs and chorioallantoic membranes of American alligators (alligator mississippiensis) from coastal South Carolina. Environ Toxicol Chem 16(7) 1456-1462. 

In 1939, Kurauti and Kazuno isolated a major higher bile acid from the bile of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana [55]. This bile acid was later isolated from bile of Alligator mississippiensis [56]. Its structure was deduced as a 3a,7a,12a-trihydroxy-5 -cholestan-26-oic add by its degradation to cholic add [57] and by its conversion to the stem acid, 5)8-cholestan-26-oic acid [58]. 

Three higher bile acids possessing a keto group were detected in the bile of Alligator mississippiensis, and characterized as 7a,12a-dihydroxy-3-oxo-5)8-cholestan-26-oic acid, 3a,12a-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5/3-cholestan-26-oic acid, and 7a,12a-dihy-droxy-3-oxo-5a-cholestan-26-oic acid [68]. Nothing is known about the formation of these bile acids. 

Tint et al. studied bile acids excreted in the feces of Alligator mississippiensis [75]. 

The conversion of cholesterol to primitive bile acids in lower vertebrates was first demonstrated in 1959 by Briggs et al. in Alligator mississippiensis [163]. [26- C]Cholesterol was given to a bile fistula alligator, and two labeled products were isolated from bile. The major product was identified as 3a,7a,12a-trihydroxy-5j8-cholestan-26-oic acid, the major bile acid of the reptile, and the minor one was identical with the second bile acid, later identified as 3a,7a-dihydroxy-5 -cholestan-26-oic acid. 

Alligator, American (Alligator mississippiensis) Anaconda (Eunectes murinus)... 

Dmrtl AF192560 - Alligator mississippiensis Smith et al., 1999a... 

Some of the early investigations into the nature of bile acids in the bile of older vertebrates suggested the existence of acidic sterols more closely related to cholesterol than to cholic acid. Kurauti and Kazuno (45) isolated a bile acid from the bile of the frog, Rana catesbiana, which was later found to be an isomer of 3a,7a,12a-trihydroxycoprostanic acid (XI) (Fig. 7). This latter acid, possessing 27 carbon atoms, was isolated by Haslewood (46) in 1952 from the bile of the crocodile. Alligator mississippiensis. The inability to oxidize the side chain of C27 acids to C24 acids is regarded as a primitive characteristic in the biochemical evolution of the bile acids (for a fuller... 

Westergaard, B. and Ferguson, M.W.J. (1986) Development of the dentition in Alligator mississippiensis. Early embryonic development in the lower jaw . Journal of Zoology, 210, 575-97. 

Janke, A. and Amason, U. (1997) The complete mitochondrial genome of Alligator mississippiensis and the separation between Recent Archosauria , Molecular Biology and Evolution, 14, 1266—72. 

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