Rana catesbiana

Richards, S.M., T.A. Anderson, S.B. Wall, and RJ. Kendall. 1999. Cholinesterase activities of Rana catesbiana inhabiting a pond near a chlorpyrifos-treated cornfield. Book of Abstracts, Part 1, AGRO 63. 218th American Chemical Society National Meeting, New Orleans, LA, August 22-26, 1999. 

Major bile salts in the bullfrog, Rana catesbiana, are 27-nor-5/ -cho-lestane-3a,7a,12a,24,26-pentol (5/5-ranol) and 3a,7a,12a-trihydroxy-5) -cho-lestanoic acid. Betsuki (181,182) has shown that 5j5-cholestane-3a,7a,12a-triol and 3a,7a,12a,24-tetrahydroxy-5)5-cholestanoic acid are converted into 5/5-ranol and 26-deoxy-5)5-ranol. The following sequence of reactions in the... 

McCotter, R. E, 1917, The vomero-nasal apparatus in Chrysemys punctata and Rana catesbiana, Anat. Bee. 13 51-67. 

There is little question that the site of steroid conversions is intracellular. Complete removal of follicle cells which remain adherent to oocytes after manual dissection from their follicles does not alter chromatographic profiles, either quantitatively or qualitatively. Likewise, the profiles obtained from oocytes injected with radioactive progesterone were essentially identical to those obtained by incubation of oocytes with exogenous hormone. Thus, the observations reveal a heretofore unsuspected capability of oocytes to participate in steroid metabolism. This is not restricted to Bana pipiens, but also has been observed in Xenopus laevis and Rana catesbiana. Likewise, both exogenous deoxycorticosterone and estradiol are metabolized by isolated oocytes, giving rise to different kinds of metabolites than obtained with progesterone (Reynhout and Smith, 1973). 

Some of the early investigations into the nature of bile acids in the bile of older vertebrates suggested the existence of acidic sterols more closely related to cholesterol than to cholic acid. Kurauti and Kazuno (45) isolated a bile acid from the bile of the frog, Rana catesbiana, which was later found to be an isomer of 3a,7a,12a-trihydroxycoprostanic acid (XI) (Fig. 7). This latter acid, possessing 27 carbon atoms, was isolated by Haslewood (46) in 1952 from the bile of the crocodile. Alligator mississippiensis. The inability to oxidize the side chain of C27 acids to C24 acids is regarded as a primitive characteristic in the biochemical evolution of the bile acids (for a fuller... 

Ranol has been isolated from the frogs, Rana temporaria and Rana catesbiana. The first clear report of the compound presently identified as ranol is by Haslewood (199). The structure of ranol eluded investigators for several years. The free alcohol did not provide accurate elemental data and even the crystalline tetraacetate was believed to be a derivative of a C27 or C2g... 

Cooper, E. L., Pinkerton, W., Hildemann, W. H. Serum antibody synthesis in larvae of the bullfrog Rana catesbiana. Biol. Bull. 127, 232-238 (1964). 

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