Alkyl phenyl

RCH=CHjj -H H3SO4 — RCHlCHjlOSOaOH Polyalkylated aromatic hydrocarbons and alkyl phenyl ethers are sulphonated ... 

Fig. 3. Typical Markush structure where R is H, C 2o kylj i-20 sulfonate, or carboxylate is H or alkyl and X is H, alkyl, phenyl...

The kinetics of vinyl acetate emulsion polymeriza tion in the presence of alkyl phenyl ethoxylate surfactants of various chain lengths indicate that part of the emulsion polymerization occurs in the aqueous phase and part in the particles (115). A study of the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate in the presence of sodium lauryl sulfate reveals that a water-soluble poly(vinyl acetate)—sodium dodecyl sulfate polyelectrolyte complex forms, and that latex stabihty, polymer hydrolysis, and molecular weight are controlled by this phenomenon (116). 

Recently, a modified procedure for this reaction was reported, extending its utility to internal alkynols with alkyl, phenyl, and vinyl units (R = H, alkyl, Ph,... 

Fragmentation Losses of 1(H), 28 (CO), and 29 (CHO) Daltons are commonly observed for diaryl ethers. In diphenyl ether, m/z 77 is intense, while in phenyl toluoyl ethers m/z 91 is intense, An intense peak in the mass spectra of alkyl phenyl ethers occurs at m/z 94. 

Alkyl phenyl ethers (except anisole) Dimethyl pyrroles... 

Cyclodextrins, toroidal molecules composed of 6, 7 and 8 D-glucose units, are now commercially available at reasonable cost. They form inclusion compounds with a variety of molecules and often differentially include sulfoxide enantiomers29,30. This property has been used to partially resolve some benzyl alkyl, phenyl alkyl and p-tolyl alkyl sulfoxides. The enantiomeric purities after one inclusion process ranged from 1.1 % for t-butyl p-tolyl sulfoxide to 14.5% for benzyl r-butyl sulfoxide. Repeating the process on methyl p-tolyl sulfoxide (10) increased its enantiomeric purity from 8.1% to 11.4% four recrystallizations raised the value to 71.5%. The use of cyclodextrins in asymmetric oxidations is discussed in Section II.C.l and in the resolution of sulfmate esters in Section II.B.l. 

A different non-classical approach to the resolution of sulphoxides was reported by Mikolajczyk and Drabowicz269-281. It is based on the fact that sulphinyl compounds very easily form inclusion complexes with /1-cyclodextrin. Since /1-cyclodextrin as the host molecule is chiral, its inclusion complexes with racemic guest substances used in an excess are mixtures of diastereoisomers that should be formed in unequal amounts. In this way a series of alkyl phenyl, alkyl p-tolyl and alkyl benzyl sulphoxides has been resolved. However, the optical purities of the partially resolved sulphoxides do not exceed 22% after... 

In the case of diaryl sulfoxides the formation of both the aryl radical and the hydroxycyclohexadienyl radical was observed optically. Veltwisch and coworkers45 studied also the reaction of OH radicals from radiolysis of aqueous solutions of mixed (alkyl phenyl) sulfoxides (PhSOR). They found the formation of both alkylsulfinic and phenylsulfinic acids. 

Rajanikanth and Ravindranath44 have recently published a deoxygenation reaction for sulphoxides that uses metallic lithium in refluxing dimethoxyethane. Dialkyl and alkyl phenyl sulphoxides were reduced cleanly in yields around 70%, even if sterically hindered, but benzyl sulphoxides gave mixtures of products. For example, benzyl phenyl sulphoxide gave frans-stilbene (33%), benzyl phenyl sulphide (20%) and diphenyl disulphide (47%). These products can be rationalized by reaction pathways such as in equation (17) ... 

The oxidative dimerization of the anion of methyl phenyl sulfone (from a Grignard reagent) in ethereal solution in the presence of cupric chloride in 5% yield has been reported47. Despite the reported48 poor stability of the a-sulfonyl C-centered radicals, Julia and coworkers49 provoked the dimerization (in 13 to 56% yields) of the lithiated carbanion of alkyl phenyl sulfones using cupric salts as oxidants. The best results are obtained with cupric triflates in THF-isobutyronitrile medium (56% yield for R = H). For allyl phenyl sulfones the coupling in the 3-3 mode is predominant. 

Hydroxy- bzw. 2-Alkoxy-alkyl)-phenyl-sulfone konnen in DMF in Gegenwart von Essigsaure Oder Phenol als Protonendonator an Quecksilber kathodisch an der S-CAlkyl-Bindung unter Bildung von Olefinen (bis 90% d. Th.) gespalten werden. Mit zunehmender Protonendonator-Konzentration nimmt der Anteil des Alkans zu (bis zu 40% d.Th.) ... 

Alkyl-(2-mercapto-athyl)-benzyl- 247 Alkyl-phenyl- 259 Allyl- 118, 579 Allyl-benzyl- 350 Allyl-butyl-(3-oxo-butyl)- 659 Aryl- 498, 536, 568... 

Phenyl or mixed alkyl/phenyl substituted silicon hydrides show similar reactivities to trialkylsilanes. Indeed, by replacing one alkyl by a phenyl group the effect on the hydrogen donating ability of SiH moiety increases only slightly. ... 

The carbocations generated by non-Kolbe electrolysis can rearrange by alkyl, phenyl or oxygen migration. The migratory aptitudes of different alkyl groups have been studied in the rearrangement of a-hydroxy carboxylic acids (Eq. 34) [323]. 

The ynthesis of alkyl(phenyl)trimethylsilylphosphines (59a, b) and the results of an n.m.r. study of their inversion have been reported. The inversion of these compounds has a AG barrier of 19 kcal mol, and a comparison of this value with that of methylphenyl-t-butylphosphine (60), which is known to be about 33 kcal mol at 130 °C, has been made. These data have been discussed in terms of a facilitation of inversion by the react with the dichloro-compounds (61) in which the central atom varies, as shown below. 

Table 2.1 Selected transfer hydrogenation data of R R C=0, R = alkyl, phenyl, R = alkyl, H or...

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