Alkyl aryl sulphonic acid salts

Rhodacal Series Alkyl aryl sulphonic acids and salts... 

Fatty acid and salts of fatty acids Alkyl aryl sulphonates Alkyl sulphates Phenol ethoxylates... 

The lower members of the homologous series of 1. Alcohols 2. Aldehydes 3. Ketones 4. Acids 5. Esters 6. Phenols 7. Anhydrides 8. Amines 9. Nitriles 10. Polyhydroxy phenols 1. Polybasic acids and hydro-oxy acids. 2. Glycols, poly-hydric alcohols, polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones (sugars) 3. Some amides, ammo acids, di-and polyamino compounds, amino alcohols 4. Sulphonic acids 5. Sulphinic acids 6. Salts 1. Acids 2. Phenols 3. Imides 4. Some primary and secondary nitro compounds oximes 5. Mercaptans and thiophenols 6. Sulphonic acids, sulphinic acids, sulphuric acids, and sul-phonamides 7. Some diketones and (3-keto esters 1. Primary amines 2. Secondary aliphatic and aryl-alkyl amines 3. Aliphatic and some aryl-alkyl tertiary amines 4. Hydrazines 1. Unsaturated hydrocarbons 2. Some poly-alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons 3. Alcohols 4. Aldehydes 5. Ketones 6. Esters 7. Anhydrides 8. Ethers and acetals 9. Lactones 10. Acyl halides 1. Saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons Cyclic paraffin hydrocarbons 3. Aromatic hydrocarbons 4. Halogen derivatives of 1, 2 and 3 5. Diaryl ethers 1. Nitro compounds (tertiary) 2. Amides and derivatives of aldehydes and ketones 3. Nitriles 4. Negatively substituted amines 5. Nitroso, azo, hy-drazo, and other intermediate reduction products of nitro com-pounds 6. Sulphones, sul-phonamides of secondary amines, sulphides, sulphates and other Sulphur compounds... 

Aliphatic aldehydes and mercaptoacetic acid underwent oxathiacetal formation in benzene solution even in the absence of catalysts to give 2-alkyl-5-oxo-l,3-oxathiolans (20—55%). " The formation of the corresponding 5-aryl derivatives was slower and required heating of the two components in benzene with toluene-p-sulphonic acid as catalyst. These compounds were also obtained as the minor products from the condensation of mercaptothioacetic acid with aldehydes. (Dimethylamino)methyloxo-sulphonium acylmethylides underwent a novel CuS04-induced conversion into 5-substituted 1,3-oxathiole 3-oxides. (See also Chapter 6.) These substances were found to be extremely acid-sensitive, which prevented their successful oxidation to the sulphone state or their alkylation to oxysulphonium salts. 

Oxidation of either alkyl or aryl sulphoxides to sulphones in 65-90% yields may be accomplished by treatment with a nitronium salt . In the case of aryl sulphoxides no nitration is observed (which is in contrast to the results of nitric acid oxidation). The reaction was shown to proceed through intermediate nitratosulphonium and nitritosulph-oxonium ions, as depicted in equation (7), which were studied by nmr spectroscopy. 

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