Alkanesulfonic acids sodium salts

Synonyms Alkanesulfonic acids, sodium salts Sodium alkane sulfonate Uses Antistat used in plastic and rubber compounds solubilizer, welling agent, hydrotrope in shampoos, all purpose cleaners Regulatory Canada DSL Trade Names Avitone A Sodium allyloxy hydroxypropyl sulfonate Synonyms Sodium 1-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl sulfonate Ionic Nature Anionic Empirical CgH -NaOsS Formula CH,=CHCH20CH2CH0HCH2S03Na Properties M.w. 218... 

Wudl and Heeger et al. prepared the self-dopable polymers poly(n-(3 -thienyl)alkanesulfonic acids) (P3TASH) and their sodium salts with alkane chain lengths ranging from 2 to 4 [127-129]. In an extension of this study, Ikenoue et al. found that poly(3-(3 -thienyl)propanesulfonic acid) (P3TPSH), which was obtained by exchanging the sodium ions in poly(sodium-3-(3 -thienyl)propanesulfonate) (P3TPSH) with protons... 

Wudl and Heeger et al, [17] electrochemically synthesized the sodium salts and acid forms of poly(3-thiophene ethanesulfonate) and poly(3-thiophene butanesulfonate). The monomers 3-thiophene ethanesulfonate and 3-thiophene butanesulfonate were prepared by the route shown in Figure 4.1. However, attempts to electropolymerize these monomers or their sulfonic acid derivatives were not successful. Therefore, the monomers, 3-thiophene alkanesulfonate methyl esters, were polymerized first, followed by conversion of the ester to the sodium salt via the sulfonyl chloride derivative. The sodium salts of poly (3-thiophene ethanesulfonate) and poly( 3-thiophene butanesulfonate) are reportedly soluble in water in their neutral (insulating) and doped (conducting)... 

Holdcroft et al. [38] prepared the sodium salt and acid forms of poly(n-(3 -thienyl)alkanesulfonates) following the Ikenoue et al. chemical synthesis method mentioned above [21]. The aim of this study was to... 

The conductivities of the self-doped acid forms of poly(n-(3 -thienyl)-alkanesulfonates) were in the range of 5 x 10 -10 S/cm. The sodium salt and acid forms of poly(n-(3-thienyl)alkanesulfonates are reportedly completely water soluble. The absorption spectra of aqueous solution of sodium salt of poly(n-(3 -thienyl)alkanesulfonates) containing propane-sulfonate, hexanesulfonate and octanesulfonate substituents show n-n transitions at 436, 446, and 466 nm, respectively. It was suggested that the red shift in absorption spectra with increasing side-chain length is... 

Ikenoue et al. were the first to offer an explanation of auto-doping [11]. They observed that poly(o>-(3-thienyl)alkanesulfonic acids) are extremely hygroscopic and thus films of the polymer contain moisture. In the presence of moisture, the acidic proton is solvated by water molecules. When water is removed by heating, the next most basic unit able to coordinate acidic protons is the polythiophene backbone itself as shown in Figure 20.11. Protonation of the backbone creates a polaronic residue on the polymer chain. This phenomenon is obviously not observed for the sodium salt, and hence the sulfonic acid form of the polymers exhibits a higher conductivity in its electrochemically neutral state than the corresponding sodium salt. 

---