Aliphatic hydrocarbons discharges

Emissions from sinter plants are generated from raw material handling, windbox exhaust, sinter discharge (associated sinter crushers and hot screens), and from the cooler and cold screen. The primary source of particulate emissions, mainly irons oxides, magnesium oxide, sulfur oxides, carbonaceous compounds, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and chlorides, are due to the windbox exhaust. Contaminants such as fluorides, ammonia, and arsenic may also be present. At the discharge end,... 

Schoch A process for making acetylene by subjecting aliphatic hydrocarbons to a silent electric discharge. Developed by E. P. Schoch at the University of Texas. 

A mixture of CO + H2 is used in the Fischer-Tropsch reaction to make hydrocarbons in high yields. The reaction requires a catalyst, usually Fe or Ni supported on silica, a temperatue of 200-400°C and a short contact time. Depending on the conditions, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, and acids can be produced. If NH3 is added to the CO + H2, then amino acids, purines, and pyrimidines can be formed.23 The intermediates in these reactions are not known, but it is likely that HCN is involved together with some of the intermediates postulated for the electric discharge processes. 

The selectivity of the technique was measured by Feldman and Batistoni by chromatography of a silylized mixture of phenylarsonic acid, nonanoic acid, undecanoic acid and three aliphatic hydrocarbons. In each case a flame ionization detection trace was obtained simultaneously with the glow discharge detector trace. The selectivity of a given Si or As line was defined as the ratio of the peak height obtained per gram atom of carbon in the form of the interfering compound tested. 

USA) discharged 475 metric tons of aliphatic hydrocarbons per year into Puget Sound. 

The process is conducted at 700 °C. It yields semicoke, which is popular as a smokeless domestic fuel. It can at times be used in boiler also to avoid smoke. Yield of coke oven gas is less, of tar high, and of ammonia less. Calorific value of coke oven gas generated is more. The process produces aliphatic natured tar. Following carbonization the coke discharging process is difficult as it swells extensively but does not shrink much upon carbonization. Free carbon in tar (produced from the cracking of hydrocarbons) is less Coke produced is weaker. Volatile matter in the coke produced is more. Hydrogen content in the coke oven gas is less. 

Figure 22 shows results obtained in the gas chromatography of a silylated mixture of aliphatic acids, phenylarsenic acid and hydrocarbons using a flame ionization detector and a glow discharge detector set at the silicon and arsenic wavelengths. 

FIGURE 22. Gas chromatograms of a silylated mixture of aliphatic acids, phenylarsonic acid and hydrocarbons. Top curve flame ionization detector (FID). Centre and bottom curves glow discharge detector (GDD), with monochromator set as indicated. Reprinted with permission from Reference 161. Copyright (1977) American Chemical Society... 

Sediment concentration data of major groups of organic contaminants -aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated pesticides, phenols, polychlorinated biphenyls and -dibenzodioxins - are summarized in Table 2-5 (the book by Moore Ramamoorthy contains information on physicochemical properties, production, uses and discharges, and on toxicity). 

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